简介：Basedonthefloodaffectedarea(FA)dataoftheprovincesinChinafrom1950to2005,thearticlediscussesthechangeofthefloodpatternsinChina,andinvestigatesitsrelationshipwithclimatechangeandhumanactivities.ThefloodcentershiftedfromNorthChinaandtheYangtze-Huaihebasininthe1950stowardsthesouth,northandwestofChina,andlocatedinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiverandSouthChinaafterthe1990s.TheFAinthewesternprovinceswascontinuouslyontherisesincethe1950s.TherearetwocharacteristicsforthefuturefloodpatterninChina.Thepatternof'floodinthesouthanddroughtinthenorth'dependsonthenorth-southshiftofthemaximumrainfallregionineasternChina.ThefloodintensificationtothewestofHuHuanyong'slinemainlyresultsfromtheincreaseofrainfall,extremeprecipitationandthemeltingofglaciersunderthebackgroundofhumanactivitymagnification.

简介：Theproblemofclimatechangeisaglobalchallenge.Itiscloselyassociatedwithsocialdevelopmentandhumansurvival,andithasasignificantimpacttoallcountriesonenergydevelopment,economiccompetitiveness,technologicalinnovation,andwayoflife.Inrecentyears,withtherapideconomicdevelopmentinChina,thereisarumorthattherapidgrowthofChina'scarbondioxideemissionoffsettheeffortsoftheinternationalcommunityinreducingemissions,andChinashouldbeartheinternationalresponsibilitycorrespondingtoitssignificantroleingreenhousegasemission,whichobviouslyareunfairandnotobjective.Asthispaperreveals,'Chinaenvironmentresponsibility'thatisthesocalled'Chinaenvironmentthreat'ortheories,ChinahasmadeapositivecontributiontoaddressingtheclimatechangeinthepastandChinawillstillbethebackboneontheprotectionofglobalclimateinthefuture.

简介：Asacomplicatedconceptwithethicalimplications,equityorfairnessinthefieldofclimatechangemitigationconcernstherelationsnotonlybetweenindividualhumanbeingsbutalsobetweenhumanbeingsandthenature.Inthispaper,afterthereviewofequitybetweenindividuals,marketandnon-marketattributesofemissionsrightsaredistinguishedanddiscussed.Basedontheargumentofequalpercapitaemissionsrights,threetypesofemissionsrightsandtheconceptofminimumemissionsrightsassocialsecurityareproposed.

简介：Fewotherpolicyzonesareascomplexastheissueofclimatechange.Ifthemorepessimisticprojectionsofclimatechangedoomarecorrect,thenthefailuretoaddresstheissueislikelytobecatastrophicandirreversible.TheInter-governmentalPanelonClimateChangehaspredictedthepotentialextinctionofmanyspeciesandthattheexistenceofsmall-islandandothervulnerablecountrieswillbethreatenedifbusiness-as-usualgreenhousegasemissionscontinue.Climatechangeisatransboundaryproblemandrequiresunprecedentedlevelsofcooperationbetweenstatesandseriousandsustainedresponsesfrommajoremitters.However,thegrowingdemandandconsumptionofnaturalresourcesforcontinuedenergysecurityandcornucopianeconomicgrowthhaveunderminedtheoutcomesofinternationalclimatechangenegotiations.Itisarguedherethatthereisastrongconnectionbetweenthemajoremitters’positionsatUnitedNations’climatetalks,theirpossessions,dependenceandconsumptionofnaturalresources,andthecontinuedunderminingofinternationalclimatechangepolicyforunsustainablegrowth.ThispaperassessestheresourcepoliticsoftheUS,China,India,Canada,Russia,andSaudiArabiaandtheirpositionsatclimatetalkstoshowthelinkbetweenlackofclimatechangepolicyprogressandthepositionsofthesemainplayers.

简介：Theconceptofsecurityhasbeenredefinedsincethe1990s.Asoneoftheimportantfactorsthreateninghumansecurity,globalenvironmentalchangehasbecomeanewchallengetothenationalsecurityandsocialdevelopment.Thenationalsecurityproblemscausedbyglobalenvironmentalchange,ononehand,arecloselyrelatedtotheglobalenvironmentalproblems,and,ontheotherhand,aremanifestedintheconflictsofinternationalaffairs.TheglobalenvironmentalchangeseverelychallengesthefuturedevelopmentofChina.WhenitcomestothestudyonhumandimensionsofglobalenvironmentalchangeinChina,muchmoreattentionshouldbepaidtoissuesofimportantenvironmentalchangethatmayhavegreatimpactsonthenationalsecurityofChina,tothescientificassessmentofthevulnerabilitiesofthenaturalandsocialeconomicsystemofChinatotheimpactsofglobalenvironmentalchange,andtotheactiveestablishmentofthenationalriskmanagementsystem,inwhichglobalenvironmentalchangeshouldbeincluded,soastomakecontributiontosustainabledevelopmentandconstructionofharmonioussocietyofChina.

简介：Developinglow-carboneconomyandenhancingcarbonproductivityarebasicapproachestocoordinatingeconomicdevelopmentandprotectingglobalenvironment,whicharealsothemajorwaystoaddressclimatechangeundertheframeworkofsustainabledevelopment.Inthispaper,theauthorsanalyzetheannualrateofcarbonproductivitygrowth,thedifferencesofcarbonproductivityofdifferentcountries,andthefactorsforenhancingcarbonproductivity.Consequently,theauthorsclarifytheirviewpointthattheannualrateofcarbonproductivitygrowthcanbeusedtoweightheeffortsthatacountrytakestoaddressclimatechange,andproposepoliciesandsuggestionsonpromotingcarbonproduction.

简介：Universaltwo-childpolicyhasbeenimplementedsincetheendof2015inChina.Thispolicyisanticipatedtobringasignificantincreaseinthetotalpopulation,withprofoundinfluencesontheresourcesandenvironmentinthefuture.Thispaperanalyzesthechangingdynamicsofurbanandruralpopulation,andforecastsurbanandruralpopulationfrom2016to2030atnationalandprovincialscaleusingadoubleloglinearregressionmodel.Drawingupontheresultsofthesetwopredictions,theimpactofthepopulationpolicychangeonChineseresourcesconsumptionandenvironmentalpollutionarepredictedquantitatively.Giventhefuturetotalpopulationmaintainscurrentlevelsonresourcesconsumptionandenvironmentalemission,theadditionaldemandofresourcesandenvironmentdemandforthenewpopulationisforecastedandcomparedagainstthecapacityonsupplyside.Thefindingsareasfollows:afterimplementingtheuniversaltwo-childpolicy,China'sgrain,energyconsumption,domesticwaterdemand,andpollutantemissionsareprojectedtoincreaseatdifferentratesacrossprovinces.Tomeettheneedsarisingfromfuturepopulationgrowth,foodandenergyself-sufficiencyratewillbesignificantlyreducedinthefuture,whilerelyingmoreonimports.Stabilityofthewatersupplyneedstobeimproved,especiallyinBeijing,Henan,Jiangsu,Qinghai,andSichuanwherethegapinfuturedomesticwaterdemandiscomparativelylarger.Environmentalprotectionandassociatedgoverningcapabilityareinurgentneedofupgradenotleastduetotheincreasingpressureofpollution.

简介：ForChina,greenindustrialrevolutioninducedbyglobalclimatechangeposesnotonlythegreatestchallenge,butalsothegreatestopportunity.IntheperspectiveofChina'sbasicnationalconditions,andespeciallyitsnaturalconditions,China'sgreendevelopmentistheinevitablepathofchoicefortherealizationofsustainabledevelopmentandscientificdevelopment.TheessenceofChina'smodernization2050isgreenmodernization,takingthethree-stepstrategytowardsChina'sowngreendevelopmentandenergyconservationandemissionreduction.Incombinationwiththe12thFiveYearPlan,itsinnovativepositioningis'greendevelopmentplan'.

简介：Effectsonsustainabledevelopmentofclimatechangehavebeengoingfurthernowadays.NationalFiveYearDevelopmentPlaninChinashouldhavespecificpoliciesonhowtotakeclimatechangeimpactsintoaccountthroughtheenvironmentalplanning.Keyfieldsdistributeinthreelevelsofnaturalbearingcapacity,productionsystemandhumansettlements,andincludesevenaspects:ecosystems,waterresources,disastersandrisks,low-carboneconomy,vulnerabledepartments,urbanization,andcoastland.

简介：Anumberofstudiesindicatethatglobalclimatewarminghasbeenincreasing,especiallyinrecentdecades.Climatewarminggreatlyaffectsglobalagro-productionandfoodsecurity-becomingahotspotofglobalenvironmentalchange.Thispaperproposesastructuralandorientationalframeworkforscientificallyaddressingclimaticchangeimpactonagro-production.Throughliteraturereviewsandcomparativestudies,thepapersystematicallysummarizesinfluencingmechanismsandimpactofclimatewarmingonsuchagro-productionfactorsaslight,temperature,soilqualityandwaterenvironment.Theimpactofclimatewarmingoncultivationregions,croppingsystems,croppests,agroproductioncapacity,agro-economyandfarmmanagementisanalyzed.Then,suitableclimate-adaptingagro-developmentstrategiesareputforwardfordifferentregionsinChina.Thestrategiesarecarefullyselectedfromarepositoryofinternationaltestedclimaticchangecountermeasuresinagricultureatnationalordistrictlevel.

简介：Globalmitigativeandadaptiveeffortshavenotbeenabletoeffectivelyaddresstheadverseimpactscausedbyclimatechange.Therefore,adirectsolutionisneededtoaddressthesignificantresultinglossanddamage(L&D).DuringtheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeheldinDohain2012,theissueofrespondingtoL&Darisingfromclimatechangegainedsuddentractionandbecameoneofthekeyissuesthataffectedtheoutcomeoftheconvention.Inthispaper,astudyonthedefinitionandconnotationsofL&Darisingfromclimatechangewasconducted,togetherwithananalysisofitsrelationshipwithrelatedconcepts,namelyimpacts,vulnerability,andrisks.ThisledtotheproposalofanL&Dconceptualmodelthatismorecomprehensive,withtherecognitionoftheneedtoaddresstheissuethrougheffectivesupplementationofexistingmitigativeandadaptiveefforts.AsystematicelaborationofanL&Dresponsemechanismwasmadebasedonpolitics,law,andthemarket,leadingtoapreliminarypresentationofapossibleformatforanL&Dmechanism.PotentialacademicresearchdirectionsforL&DwerealsoproposedthatcouldserveasreferencesfortheestablishmentofinternationalandnationalL&Dresponsemechanismsandrelatedresearch.

简介：Chinahaswitnessedrapideconomicdevelopmentsince1978,andduringthetime,energyproductionandconsumptiondevelopedatatremendousspeedaswell.EnergyefficiencywhichcanbemeasuredbyenergyconsumptionperunitofGDP,however,experiencedcontinuousdecrease.Theoretically,thechangeofenergyefficiencycanbeattributedtoindustrystructuralchangeandtechnologicalchange.InordertoexplainthetransformationofChineseenergyefficiency,weadoptlogarithmicmeanDivisiaindextechniquestodecomposechangesinenergyintensityintheperiodof1994-2005.Wefindthattechnologicalchangeisthedominantcontributorinthedeclineofenergyintensity,butthecontributionhasdeclinedsince2001.Thechangeinindustrystructurehasdecreasedtheenergyintensitybefore1998,butraisedtheintensityafter1998.Decomposedtechnologicaleffectsforallsectorsindicatethattechnologicalprogressesinhighenergyconsumingindustriessuchasrawchemicalmaterialsandchemicalproducts,smeltingandpressingofferrousmetals,manufactureofnon-metallicmineralproductsandhouseholdcontributearetheprincipaldriversofChina'sdecliningenergyintensity.

简介：Thispaperreviewstheprogressinclimatechangeadaptation(CCA)policiesbothundertheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)andinmajorregionsandcountries,includingtheEUanditsmajormembercountries,theinfluentialdevelopedcountriesintheAsia-Pacificregion,theemergingeconomiesandtheleastdevelopedcountries(LDCs).TheprogressmadeinChinainCCApoliciesisalsoreviewedandcomparedwiththatinothercountries.Finally,goodinternationalpracticesareproposedforChina’spolicydevelopment.Itisfoundthatadaptationhasbeengiventhesamepriorityasmitigationsincethetwenty-firstcenturywithregardtoclimatechange-relatedactions.ThetopicsrelatedtoadaptationintheinternationalclimatechangenegotiationsundertheUNFCCChaveevolvedfrommechanismsforfinanceandtechnologydevelopmentandtransferexclusivelyintheearlystagestoimplementationofpracticaladaptationprogramsandactions.Since2006,majordevelopedanddevelopingcountrieshavefrequentlysetforwardspecificCCApoliciesorgeneralclimatechangepoliciesinvolvingadaptationintheformoflaws,frameworks,strategies,andplans.TheLDCshavealsobeenworkingonNationalAdaptationProgrammesofActionandsubsequentNationalAdaptationPlanswiththesupportfromthefinancialmechanismsundertheUNFCCC.Therefore,globally,ithasbecomeacommonpracticetodevelopnationalorregionalpoliciestoplanandguideCCAactions.Chinahasestablishedclimatechangepoliciesinvolvingadaptationatthenational,regional,andsectoriallevelssince2007.However,thesepolicieshavestronglimitationsintheirknowledgebase,strategicpositioning,contents,andimplementationmechanisms,e.g.lackofasoundknowledgebase,aninternationalperspective,clearresponsibilitiesforpolicyimplementation,andappropriatemonitoringandevaluationmechanisms.ItisrecommendedthatChinashouldfurtherstrengthenitstechnicalcapabilitiesinclimatechangeprojectionsaswellasimpact,vulnerabil

简介：Eitherfromtheperspectiveofthefinitesupplycapacityofglobalresourcesandenergy,orfromtheperspectiveofglobalenvironmentrestrictiveconditions,developingcountriescannotrepeattheolddevelopmentroadofdevelopedcountries,eitherinviewoftheinternationalpressureChinaiscurrentlyfacing,orinviewofChina'sownresourcesendowmentandstagesofdevelopment,wemustactivelyfacesuchachallengeofclimatechange.Wemustrecognizethattheissueofclimatechangemaybeagreatrestrainttothepresentandfutureeco-socialdevelopment,andmayalsobeanimportantdrivingforceandnewopportunitytopushforwardthetransformationofdevelopmentpattern,totakeanewroadofindustrializationandtorealizesustainabledevelopment.Thisdemandsus,ontheonehand,totaketheScientificOutlookofDevelopmentastheguidetomakeeffortstocontroltheemissionofgreenhousegasesandcontinuouslyincreasethecapabilityofadaptingtoclimaticchange,andsetuptheoverallplantorespondtoclimatechangeofourcountry,andontheotherhand,weshouldunswervinglytaketheroadofsustainabledevelopment,saveenergy,optimizeenergystructureandstrengthenbiologicalprotectioninslowingandadaptingtoclimatechange.

简介：Climatechangeandurbanizationissuesarethetwokeyfactorsthatmakehumansliabletobeaffectedbydisasters,whichareoverlappedinurbanagglomeration.ThefivebigurbanagglomerationsofChinawithstrongeconomicpoweraretheimportantenginesfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment.However,beinginthesea-landmutualinteractionbeltswithavasthazard-bearingbody,theyareaffectedbysea-landcompounddisasters,andareliabletosufferheavydisasterlosseswithclimatechange.Itissuggestedthatgovernmentdepartmentsconcernedshouldfullyrecognizetheimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalurbanagglomerations,proposestrategiesassoonaspossible,andintegratetheimpactofclimatechangeandadaptationcountermeasuresintothevariouskindsofsocial-economicdevelopmentplansforcoastalurbanregions.

简介：

简介：ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheeffectoftheimpactmechanismofclimatechangeonthelivestockproductionatsmallwatershedlevelandcountylevelwiththeMulti-levelModel(MLM)inQinghaiProvince.Theresultindicatedthatthegrosslivestockoutputvaluewasgreatlyinfluencedbytheclimaticfactorsofthesmallwatershedlevel.Highertemperaturepromotedalsobytheincreaseofprecipitation,relativehumidityandsunshinedurationwasfoundtobebeneficialtothedevelopmentoflivestockproduction,exceptinsomeareaswheretemperatureriserestrainedthedevelopmentoflocallivestockproductiontosomedegreewhenexceedingacertainlevel;besides,theimpactofthesocioeconomicfactorsonthelivestockoutputvalueisobviousatthecountylevel.ThegrosseconomicoutputmeasuredwithGDPhassomeinhibitoryeffectsonthereinvestmentoflivestockproduction,whilepopulationgrowthpromotesdevelopmentoflivestockproductiontosomedegree.TheresultsnotonlyprovidescientificbasisforthemanagementoflivestockproductioninQinghaiProvince,butalsoprovidereferenceforformulatingthepoliciesandadaptationmeasurestargetedatclimatechangetopromotethesustainabledevelopmentoflivestockproductioninotherregions.

简介：

简介：Sustainableuseofnaturalresourcesandsustainabledevelopmentareconceptsthataregainingmomentumgloballyintheadventofglobalwarmingandclimatechange.ThethresholdfortheentryinforceoftheParisAgreementonClimateChangewasachievedexactly5daysaftertheunveilingofBotswana’sVision2036document.Thisdevelopmentframeworkenvisagessustainableeconomicdevelopmentandclimatechangeadaptation.ThisarticleusesexploratoryresearchmethodologyofsystematicdocumentanalysistoanalyzetheseprinciplesinthecontextofBotswana.Itinvestigatesgovernment’sintentionsinachievingthethirdpillarofthenationalvision.Botswanahasdeclareditsintensionstoreducecarbonemissionsby15%by2030throughtheintendednationallydeterminedcontributions.Whilethecountry’sambitionsarelargelyforward-lookingandalignedwiththoseoftheParisAgreement,theeconomicdiversificationplansofBotswanathreatentopotentiallycontributesignificantlytotheemissionofgreenhousegases.Thearticleappliessustainabilityand/orsustainabledevelopmenttheoryinexaminingtherelationshipbetweentheParisAgreementandBotswana’svision.Itconcludesthatthereislinkbetweenthetwodocuments,bothofwhichareanchoredofthedevelopmentwhichisenvironmentallysustainable.Itfurtherconcludesthatdevelopingnationsshouldmakeinternationalcommitmentswhicharealignedtotheirdevelopmentalplans.

简介：Actingasanimportantdrivingforceforthechangeoftheregionallanduse,thechangeofindustrialstructurealsohassomeinfluencesontheecologicalenvironment.Theassessmentandmechanismanalysisoftheseinfluenceswillbebeneficialtothesustainabledevelopmentofregionaleconomyandtheim-provementofrelationshipsbetweenmanandearth.TakingChuzhouCityinAnhuiProvinceasanexample,onthebasisofaqualitativeanalysisoftheinfluenceofthedevelopmentofdiffer-entindustryontheregionalecologicalenvironment,thispaperbuildstheinfluencefactorofindustrialstructureonnaturalenvi-ronmentandtheinfluenceindexofindustrialstructureonnaturalenvironment,makesaquantitativeassessmentofthechangeoftheindustrialstructureanditscomprehensiveinfluencesontheeco-logicalenvironmentintheChuzhouCityfrom1974to1995.Studiesshowthat,duringtheanalysedperiod,ChuzhouCity'sindustrialstructurehaschangedmarkedly,havingundergonetwotransformations.Theinfluenceofindustrialstructureonnaturalenvironmentfrom1974to1995increasedasawhole,whilefrom1996to2004,theinfluenceofindustrialstructureonnaturalen-vironmentdecreasedyear-on-year.Thesechangesindicatethattheregionalchangeofindustrialstructureresultsinbetterecologicaleffects.Finally,weproposeappropriateregulatorymeasuresac-cordingtoourresearchresults.