简介：Accordingtothepracticeofurbanactivefaultexplorationandassociatedfaultactivityassessmentconductedinrecentyears,thispapersummarizestheproblemsencounteredingeological,geomorphological,geochemicalandgeophysicalsurveys,andproposesthefollowingmeansandsuggestionstosolvetheseproblems.Todeterminethemostrecentfaultsorfaultzones,emphasisshouldbeplacedonidentifyingtheyoungestactivefaultsandoffsetgeomorphology.Tounderstandthehistoryoffaultingandtodiscoverthelatestoffsetevent,itissuggestedthatgeophysicalprospecting,drillingandtrenchingbeconductedononeprofile.BecauseofsignificantuncertaintiesinlateQuaternarydating,weadvisesystematicsamplingandtheuseofmultipledatingmethods.Shallowseismicreflectionhasbeenproventobethemostusefulmethodinurbanactivefaultexploration.However,thereisapressingneedtoincreasethequalityofdataacquisitionandprocessingtoobtainhighresolutionimagessoastoenhanceourabilitytoidentifyactivefaults.ThecombinationofseismicP-wavereflectionandS-wavereflectionmethodsisprovedtobeapowerfulmeanstoinvestigatethetectonicenvironmentsofthedeepcrust.

简介：MostofImageQualityAssessment(IQA)metricsconsistoftwoprocesses.Inthefirstprocess,qualitymapofimageismeasuredlocally.Inthesecondprocess,thelastqualityscoreisconvertedfromthequalitymapbyusingthepoolingstrategy.Thefirstprocesshadbeenmadeeffectiveandsignificantprogresses,whilethesecondprocesswasalwaysdoneinsimpleways.Inthesecondprocessofthepoolingstrategy,theoptimalperceptualpoolingweightsshouldbedeterminedandcomputedaccordingtoHumanVisualSystem(HVS).Thus,areliablespatialpoolingmathematicalmodelbasedonHVSisanimportantissueworthyofstudy.Inthispaper,anewVisualPerceptualPoolingStrategy(VPPS)forIQAispresentedbasedoncontrastsensitivityandluminancesensitivityofHVS.ExperimentalresultswiththeLIVEdatabaseshowthatthevisualperceptualweights,obtainedbytheproposedpoolingstrategy,caneffectivelyandsignificantlyimprovetheperformancesoftheIQAmetricswithMeanStructuralSIMilarity(MSSIM)orPhaseQuantizationCode(PQC).ItisconfirmedthattheproposedVPPSdemonstratespromisingresultsforimprovingtheperformancesofexistingIQAmetrics.

简介：Climatechangeisaninevitabletrend,whichchallengessecurityofwaterresourcesinChina,especiallyincities.Assessingvulnerabilityofwaterresourcetoclimatechangeincitieshasimportantroleforpolicymakers.Thepaperconstructsavulnerabilityfunction,includingexposure,sensitivityandadaptivecapacity,accordingtothevulnerabilityconceptproposedbyIPCC,establishesanassessmentindicatorssystemofwaterresourcestoclimatechangeincities,andanalyzesvulnerabilityfeaturesofChinesecitesbasedon655cities'datain2006.Thevulnerabilityassessmentresultsshowthattherearedistinctivedifferencesamongallthecities,betweeneast,centralandwestcities,betweenordinary,bigandmegacities,whilethereisnostatisticalsignificantdifferencebetweennorthandsouthcities.Basedontheresearch,thepapersuggeststhatstrategicemphasisshouldfocusonthecentralcitiesandordinarycities

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简介：Inviewofpotentialapplicationtobiomedicaldiagnosis,tighttranscriptomedataqualitycontroliscompulsory.Usually,qualitycontrolisachievedusinglabelingandhybridizationcontrolsaddedatdifferentstagesthroughouttheprocessingofthebiologicRNAsamples.Thesecontrolmeasures,however,onlyreflecttheperformanceoftheindividualtechnicalmanipulationsduringtheentireprocessandhavenobearingastothecontinuedintegrityoftheRNAsampleitself.Herewedemonstratethatintrinsicstatisticalpropertiesoftheresultingtranscriptomedatasignalandsignal-variancedistributionsandtheirinvariancecanbeidentifiedindependentlyoftheanimalspeciesstudiedandthelabelingprotocolused.Fromtheseinvariantpropertieswehavedevelopedadatamodel,theparametersofwhichcanbeestimatedfromindividualexperimentsandusedtocomputerelativequalitymeasuresbasedonsimilaritywithlargereferencedatasets.Thesequalitymeasuresaddsupplementary,non-redundantinformationtostandardqualitycontrolestimatesbasedonspike-inandhybridizationcontrols,andareexploitableindataanalysis.AsoftwareapplicationforanalyzingdatasetsaswellasareferencedatasetforAB1700arraysareprovided.TheyshouldallowAB1700userstoeasilyintegratethismethodintotheiranalysispipeline,andmightinstigatesimilardevelopmentsforothertranscriptomeplatforms.

简介：以便改进一个卸载的系统的安全性质与(SBS)一起在FPSO被一个蛋黄系统在BZ25-1的域里在哪个系在系在，分析那些性质是必要的。根据类似的工程的经验，拖引不同卸载的策略安排被使用3-D放射/衍射理论和伪静电干扰时间领域方法估计他们的各自的安全性质讨论。通过不同安排比较的安全评价分析，改进与一起系在卸载系统的安全性质的各种各样的方法被在系在的线和fender偏转分析紧张验证。通过比较，由适当地扩大关键因素，包括象大索的数字一样的fenders和大索的尺寸，更好的安全表演能被完成，这能被结束。

简介：Addressingclimatechangehasbecomeacommonissuearoundtheworldinthe21stcenturyandequallyanimportantmissioninChineseforestry.UnderstandingthedevelopmentofmonitoringandassessmentofforestbiomassandcarbonstorageinChinaisimportantforpromotingtheevaluationofforestcarbonsequestrationcapacityofChina.Theauthorconductsasystematicanalysisofdomesticpublicationsaddressing'monitoringandassessmentofforestbiomassandcarbonstorage'inordertounderstandthedevelopmenttrends,describesthebriefhistorythroughthreestages,andgivesthesituationofnewdevelopment.Towardstheendofthe20thcentury,alargenumberofpapersonbiomassandproductivityofthemajorforesttypesinChinahadbeenpublished,coveringtheexplorationandeffortsofmorethan20years,whileinvestigationsintoassessmentofforestcarbonstoragehadbarelybegun.Basedonthedataofthe7thand8thNationalForestInventories,forestbiomassandcarbonstorageoftheentirecountrywereassessedusingindividualtreebiomassmodelsandcarbonconversionfactorsofmajortreespecies,bothpreviouslypublishedandnewlydeveloped.Accompanyingtheimplementationofthe8thNationalForestInventory,aprogramofindividualtreebiomassmodelingformajortreespeciesinChinawascarriedoutsimultaneously.Bymeansofthematicresearchonclassificationofmodelingpopulations,aswellasproceduresforcollectingsamplesandmethodologyforbiomassmodeling,twotechnicalregulationsonsamplecollectionandmodelconstructionwerepublishedasministerialstandardsforapplication.Requestsforapprovalofindividualtreebiomassmodelsandcarbonaccountingparametersofmajortreespecieshavebeenissuedforapprovalasministerialstandards.Withtheimprovementofbiomassmodelsandcarbonaccountingparameters,thematicassessmentofforestbiomassandcarbonstoragewillbegraduallychangedintoageneralmonitoringofforestbiomassandcarbonstorage,inordertorealizetheirdynamicmoni

简介：Recently,IattendedaconferenceorganisedbytheEuropeanFoodSafetyAuthorityinthebeautifulandprosperousItaliancityofParma.Theoveralltopicoftheconferencewasriskassessment,andtheprogramincludedasectiononaspectsofenvironmentalriskassessment.Invariousareas,includingtheevalutionoftheeffectsofpesticideapplications,invasiveorganismsorgeneticallymodifiedplants(Arpaiaetal.,2014)preparinganenvironmentalriskassessmentisanobviouslyrelevantexercise.

简介：ObjectivesPercutaneousballoonmitralvalvuloplasty(PBMV)isonewaytoimprovetherheumaticmitralstenosis.Howdoestheprocedureworkingravidaandfetusisnotveryclear.WeanalyzedtheeffectsandsafetyofPBMVoperationonpregnantpatientswithsevererheumaticmitralstenosis.MethodsEightpregnantpatientssufferingfromseveremitralstenosisunderwentfacilitatedPBMVoperationwithInoueballoon,andwerefollowedupfor(2.0±1.1)years.Contentsincludedoutcomeofpregnancy,infantgrowth,hemodynamics,echocardiography,cardiacfunction,mitralvalvesreplacementorrepeatvalvuloplasty.ResultsMitralvalvearea(MVA)before,oneweekandoneyearafterfacilitatedPBMVwere(0.84±0.21)cm2,(1.69±0.23)cm2and(1.51±0.24)cm2respectively.Thetransmitralpressuregradientdroppedfrom(22.1±4.7)mmHgto(9.9±3.1)mmHg(P<0.001)(1mmHg=0.133kPa).AfterfacilitatedPBMV,allpatientsshowedremarkableimmediatesymptomaticandhemodynamicimprovementwithoutseveremitralregurgitation.AllofthesepatientscouldmaintainNewYorkheartassociation(NYHA)ⅠorⅡfor(2.0±1.1)yearsaftertheoperation.TwopatientsdemandedinducedabortionconcerningabouttheteratogeniceffectofX-rayonfetus.Alltheothersixpatientscontinuedtheirgestationandhadfull-termcesareansectionwithoutcomplications.Theirnewbornsdevelopedhealthyandnormallytillnow.ConclusionsFacilitatedPBMVisafeasible,safeandeffectivedeviceforselectedpregnantpatientswithmitralstenosis.Theoperationiswelltoleratedbythefetus.

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简介：在湄公河河盆的水文学政体，沉积和水质量的资源发展和变化吸引了大注意。这研究试图在这条国际河里在重金属的transboundary污染上提高学习。在这研究，八个采样地点被选择沿着湄公河河的主流收集床沙样品。另外，5个重金属元素的内容和他们沿着河的主流的空间可变性被分析。geoaccumulation索引(Igeo)和潜在的生态的风险分析被采用在湄公河河的主流估计重金属污染地位。结果证明重金属元素Zn的平均内容是91.43mg/kg，Pb是41.85mg/kg，并且这是在上面的湄公河的床沙的21.84mg/kg河，比那些高，Zn68.17mg/kg，Pb28.22mg/kg，作为14.97mg/kg)在更低的湄公河。在更低的湄公河的Cr的平均内容是418.86mg/kg，比那高在上面的湄公河(42.19mg/kg)。LuangPrabang与422.90mg/kg与762.93mg/kg和Pakse有很高的Cr集中。8个采样地点的在所有的Cu的集中是类似的，除了在有11.70mg/kg的Jiajiu和有7.00mg/kg的Jiebei。当时，geoaccumulation索引的结果表明污染由Zn和Pb引起了Pb并且这多于由在上面的湄公河的Zn的那些。Cr是在更低的湄公河的主要污染物质，特别在LuangPrabang和Pakse。细微污染与作为也发生在Pakse。潜在的生态的风险索引显示在湄公河河的主流的重金属的潜在的生态的风险是低的。我们主张水质量的污染和在床沉积的重金属的污染在湄公河由矿物质资源或geochemical背景价值的采矿引起了没被播送从对更低的湄公河上面因为沿着河的水库沉积和冲淡。

简介：Offshorestructureswillencounterseriousenvironmentalload,soitisimportanttostudythestructuralsystemreliabilityandtoevaluatethestructuralcomponentsafetyrank.Inthispaper,thebracnch-and-boundmethodisadoptedtosearchthemainfailurepath,andtheDitlevsenboundmethodisusedtocalculatethesystemfailureprobability.Thestructureisthenassessedbythefuzzycomprehensiveassessmentmethod,whichevaluatesthestructuralcomponentsafetyrank.Theultimateequationofthetu-bularcross-sectionisanalyzedonthebasisofultimatestregnthanalysis.Theinfluenceofeffectcoefficientsonthestructuralsystemfailureprobabilityisinvestigated,andbasicresultsareobtained.Ageneralprogramforspatialframestructuresbymeansoftheabovemethodisdeveloped,andverifiedbythenumericalexamples.

简介：Onebranchofstructuralhealthmonitoring(SHM)utilizesdynamicresponsemeasurementstoassessthestructuralintegrityofcivilinfrastructures.Inparticular,modalfrequencyisawidelyadoptedindicatorforstructuraldamagesinceitssquareisproportionaltostructuralstiffness.However,ithasbeendemonstratedinvariousSHMprojectsthatthisindicatorissubstantiallyaffectedbyfluctuatingenvironmentalconditions.Inordertoprovidereliableandconsistentinformationonthehealthstatusofthemonitoredstructures,itisnecessarytodevelopamethodtofilterthisinterference.Thisstudyattemptstomodelandquantifytheenvironmentalinfluenceonthemodalfrequenciesofreinforcedconcretebuildings.Dailystructuralresponsemeasurementsofatwenty-twostoryreinforcedconcretebuildingwerecollectedandanalyzedoveraone-yearperiod.TheBayesianspectraldensityapproachwasutilizedtoidentifythemodalfrequenciesofthisbuildinganditwasclearlyseenthatthetemperatureandhumidityfluctuationinducednotablevariations.Amathematicalmodelwasdevelopedtoquantifytheenvironmentaleffectsandmodelcomplexitywastakenintoconsideration.BasedonaTimoshenkobeammodel,thefullmodelclasswasconstructedandotherreduced-ordermodelclasscandidateswereobtained.Then,theBayesianmodalclassselectionapproachwasemployedtoselecttheonewiththemostsuitablecomplexity.Theproposedmodelsuccessfullycharacterizestheenvironmentalinfluenceonthemodalfrequencies.Furthermore,theestimateduncertaintyofthemodelparametersallowsforassessmentofthereliabilityoftheprediction.Thisstudynotonlyimprovestheunderstandingaboutthemonitoredstructure,butalsoestablishesasystematicapproachforreliablehealthassessmentofreinforcedconcretebuildings.

简介：尺寸伐木(45mm×90mm×3700mm)种植园汉语，冷杉木(Cunninghamialanceolata(兰姆)钩)作为SS被分级到四个不同的班，No.1，No.2；No.3，根据公民的意见伐木为装裱的结构光的等级权威(NLGA)；组织托梁；板。明显的密度的性质在15%含水量被决定，把力量弄弯；僵硬为测试根据美国社会被测试；材料(ASTM)D198-99，；弹性(Eusw)的动态模量被超声的技术测量，因为预言不同等级的曲折性质伐木。结果证明Eusw比静态的MOE大。在Eusw之间的关系；静态的MOE在0.01水平是重要的，；决定系数(R[2])四个等级伐木作为R跟随了顺序[2]No.2(0.616)>R[2]SS(0.567)>R[2]No.1(0.366)>R[2]No.3(0.137)。R[2]Eusw；粗腐殖质比Etru的低；为每个等级的粗腐殖质。所有等级的Eusw伐木，除了No.3等级，与静态的MOE的有的重要关联；粗腐殖质，这样那些的弯曲力量等级伐木能被Eusw估计。四个等级的Etru价值伐木作为No.2等级(10.701GPa)跟随了一个序列>SS等级(10.359GPa)>No.1等级(9.840GPa)>No.3等级(9.554GPa)。为一样的等级尺寸伐木，它的Eusw价值比静态的MOE大。为四个等级的粗腐殖质的平均值伐木作为No.2等级(48.67MPa)跟随一个序列>SS等级(48.16MPa)>No.3等级(46.55MPa)>No.1等级(43.39MPa)。

简介：Constructionprojectschedulingisoneofthemostcriticalfactorsforprojectsuccessmeasurement.Notonlyfortheprojectplanningbutforconstructionprocessmanagement,theschedulingisthebasictoolforcommunicationbetweentheownerandtheprojectmanager.Bydevelopingtheschedulebeforetheprojectstarts,theownerknowsinadvancethattheexpectedtimelineoftheproject.Bypreparingconstructionprocessscheduling,theownerandgeneralcontractorcanbettermanagethesubcontractors,sub-tradesprogress,materialsstorageanddeliveries,laborsscheduleandequipmentsetupwhichwilleventuallysavetime,moneyandhassle.Basically,CriticalPathMethod(CPM)iscommonlyusedintheconstructionindustry.CPMisadeterministicmethodthatassumesthatthroughthenetwork,thereisatleastonepaththatdeterminestheprojectdurationandthatthepathisthecriticalpath.CPMdoesnotconsidertheuncertaintyintheactivities;ratheritassumesthateachactivitycanbefinishedinthegivensituation.ProgramEvaluationandReviewTechnique(PERT)isastochastictechniquewhichisbasedontheassumptionthatthedurationofasingleactivitycanbedescribedbyaprobabilitydensityfunction.PERTtakesintoaccounttheuncertaintyduringtheconstructionprocessandhasbeencreatedoutoftheneedtoplan,scheduleandcontrolcomplexprojectswithmanyuncertainties.ThePERTapproachisstatedinsomebooksandpapers,butthereisnodeepinvestigationontheapplicationinthescheduleriskassessment.ThispaperinvestigatesthePERTworkprocessandtakesavaluabletryontheconstructionscheduleriskassessmentbyusingcasestudies.Theutilizationintheestimatetheconstructionliquidateddamagewiththeuncertaintiesisperformed,whichalsocanbeusedintheinsurancecompanytocalculatetheinsurancepremium.

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简介：Manyglobalemissionreductionstrategieshavebeenproposed,butfewhavebeenassessedquantitativelyfromtheviewofequality,efficiencyandeffectiveness.Integratedassessmentmodels(IAM)isoneoftheeffectivewaystomakeclimatepolicymodeling.SointhispaperwedevelopedtheMRICES(Multi-regionalintegratedmodelofclimateandeconomywithGDPspillovers)model,whichisanIAMbutextendstoincludeGDPspillovermechanism,tomakeassessmentonseveralstrategiesforglobalemissionreduction,includingtheegalitarianismstrategy,theUNDPstrategyandtheCopenhagenAccord.Using1990asabaselineforhistoricalemissionlevels,theegalitarianstrategyarguesthatdevelopedcountriesshouldimplementurgentemissionreductions,whereasdevelopingcountriesareallowedrelativelyhigherfutureemissionquotas.TheUNDPstrategyaddressestheissueofsubstantialchangesinglobaltemperaturebutacknowledgesthatdevelopingcountriesarenotabletoaffordmorecostsformitigationmeasures,whichisinequitablefromtheperspectiveofacountry’srighttodevelop.WealsosimulatedtheCopenhagenAccordtodeterminetheconsequencesbytheyear2100ifeachcountrycontinuestheircurrentemissionmitigationactions,andresultsindicatedthattheincreaseinglobaltemperaturewillbe2.8℃by2100;consequently,muchstrongeremissionreductioneffortsmustbeimplementedafter2020.Basedonanalysisonmitigationstrategies,itisrecognizedthatthecommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilityprinciplemustbeinsistedwhenmakingglobalmitigationstrategy.Tocomplywiththisprinciple,theemissionreductionbaselineofdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesshouldbediscriminated,so1990and2005canbetakenasthebaseyearfordevelopedanddevelopingcountriesrespectively.