简介:AbstractBackground:The elimination of Plasmodium vivax malaria requires 8-aminoquinolines, which are contraindicated in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency due to the risk of acute haemolytic anaemia. Several point-of-care devices have been developed to detect G6PD deficiency. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of two of these devices against G6PD genotypes in Mauritania.Methods:Outpatients were screened for G6PD deficiency using CareStart™ rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and CareStart™ G6PD biosensor in Nouakchott, Mauritania, in 2019-2020. African-type and Mediterranean-type G6PD genotypes commonly observed in Africa were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. Qualitative variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test.Results:Of 323 patients (74 males and 249 females), 5 males and 2 homozygous females had the African-type A-genotype: A-(202) in 3 males and 2 females and G6PD A-(968) in 2 males. Among heterozygous females, 13 carried G6PD A-(202), 12 G6PD A-(968), and 3 G6PD A-(542) variants. None had the Mediterranean-type G6PD genotype. Eight had a positive G6PD RDT result, including all 7 hemizygous males and homozygous females with A- or A-A- (0.12 to 2.34 IU/g haemoglobin, according to G6PD biosensor), but RDT performed poorly (sensitivity, 11.1% at the cutoff level of < 30%) and yielded many false negative tests. Thirty-seven (50.0%) males and 141 (56.6%) females were anaemic. The adjusted median values of G6PD activity were 5.72 and 5.34 IU/g haemoglobin in non-anaemic males (n = 35) and non-anaemic males and females (n = 130) with normal G6PD genotypes using G6PD biosensor, respectively. Based on the adjusted median of 5.34 IU/g haemoglobin, the performance of G6PD biosensor against genotyping was as follows: at 30% cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity were 85.7% and 91.7%, respectively, and at 80% cut-off, the sensitivity was 100% while the specificity was 64.9%.Conclusions:Although this pilot study supports the utility of biosensor to screen for G6PD deficiency in patients, further investigation in parallel with spectrophotometry is required to promote and validate a more extensive use of this point-of-care device in areas where P. vivax is highly prevalent in Mauritania.
简介:摘要:目前 5G 已经大规模应用和深入渗透,但从 5G 标准的规范来看,5G在信息交互方面存在空间范围受限以及性能指标难以满足某些垂直行业的应用。因此,新一代网络(6G)应运而生。本文从6G网路背景、6G网络愿景、6G网络关键技术、6G网络未来愿景等方面进行了阐述。
简介:随着IPv6标准的成熟和第三代移动通信(3G)的发展,在3G中承载数据业务的IP承载网采用IPv6将是必然的发展趋势。文章首先介绍了IPv6相对于IPv4的一些新特点,同时介绍了3G的体系结构,然后对IPv6的这些新特点住3G中应用的进行分忻。最后总结了IPv6对3G发展的影响。
简介:摘要:随着社会的进步,科学技术也再不断进步。人工智能AI、虚拟现实VR、物联网IoT等各种自动系统应用的快速发展,带来了巨大的流量,自动系统在社会的各个领域流行,数以百万计的传感器被集成到城市、工业、汽车、家庭等各种环境中,以提供智能化、自动化的工作及生活,需要具有更加可靠连接的高数据速率来支持这些应用程序。与4G通信相比,尽管5G网络提供大带宽、新的QoS、新技术如毫米波等,但以数据为中心的自动化系统的快速增长已然超过了5G无线网络的能力,5G通信在很大程度上忽视了通信、智能、传感、控制和计算等功能的融合,未来的物联网应用将需要融合特定设备,要求至少10Gbit/s的数据速率,随着5G能力达到极限,新的设计目标需要引进6G技术。
简介:摘要:随着社会的进步,科学技术也再不断进步。人工智能AI、虚拟现实VR、物联网IoT等各种自动系统应用的快速发展,带来了巨大的流量,自动系统在社会的各个领域流行,数以百万计的传感器被集成到城市、工业、汽车、家庭等各种环境中,以提供智能化、自动化的工作及生活,需要具有更加可靠连接的高数据速率来支持这些应用程序。与4G通信相比,尽管5G网络提供大带宽、新的QoS、新技术如毫米波等,但以数据为中心的自动化系统的快速增长已然超过了5G无线网络的能力,5G通信在很大程度上忽视了通信、智能、传感、控制和计算等功能的融合,未来的物联网应用将需要融合特定设备,要求至少10Gbit/s的数据速率,随着5G能力达到极限,新的设计目标需要引进6G技术。
简介:DuringtheprocessofautomaticimagerecognitionorautomaticreversedesignofIC,peopleoftenencountertheproblemthatsomesub-imagesmustbepiecedtogetherintoawholeimage.Inthetraditionalpiecingalgorithmforsubimages,alargeaccumulatederrorwillbemade.Inthispaper,arelaxationalgorithmofpiecing-errorforsub-imagesispresented.Itcaneliminatetheaccumulatederrorinthetraditionalalgorithmandgreatlyimprovethequalityofpiecedimage.Basedonaninitialpiecedimage,onecancontinuouslyadjustthecenterofeverysub-imageanditsangletolessentheerrorbetweentheadjacentsub-images,sothequalityofpiecedimagecanbeimproved.Thepresentedresultsindicatethattheproposedalgorithmcandramaticallydecreasetheerrorwhilethequalityofultimatepiecedimageisstillacceptable.ThetimecomplexityofthisalgorithmisO(nInn).
简介:摘要目的了解样本在4℃时不同的保存时间对葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)活性的影响。方法用G6PD/6PGD比值法测定30份全血标本放置各时间段的G6PD活性。结果枸橼酸钠抗凝全血标本在4℃温度下各时间段在24小时内测定G6PD活性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
简介:GeneralizedSteiriertriplesystems,GS(2,3,n,g),areequivalenttomaximumconstantweightcodesoveranalphabetofsizeg+1withdistance3andweight3inwhicheachcodewordhaslengthn.ThenecessaryconditionsfortheexistenceofaGS(2,3,n,g)are(n-1)g≡0(mod2),n(n-1)g2≡0(mod6),andn≥g+2.Thesenecessaryconditionsareshowntobesufficientbyseveralauthorsfor2≤g≤11.Inthispaper,threenewresultsareobtained.First,itisshownthatforanygiveng,g≡0(mod6)andg≥12,ifthereexistsaGS(2.3.n.g)foralln,g+2≤n≤7g+13.thenthenecessaryconditionsarealsosufficient.Next,itisalsoshownthatforanygiveng,g≡3(mod6)andg≥15,ifthereexistsaGS(2,3,n,g)foralln,n≡1(mod2)andg+2≤n≤7g+6,thenthenecessaryconditionsarealsosufficient.Finally,asanapplication,itisprovedthatthenecessaryconditionsfortheexistenceofaGS(2,3,n,g)arealsosufficientforg=12,15.