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简介：MechanicalqualityfactorQmisakeycharacteristicparameterofHigh-overtonebulkacousticresonator(HBAR).Theeffectsofstructureparameter(thickness)andperfor?manceparameters(characteristicimpedanceandmechanicalattenuationfactor)ofsubstrate,piezoelectricfilmandelectrodeconstitutingHBARonQmarecarriedout.TherelationshipsbetweenQmandtheseparametersareobtainedbyalumpedparameterequivalentcircuitinsteadofdistributedparameterequivalentcircuitneartheresonancefrequency,andthean?alyticalexpressionsoiQmaregiven.TheresultsshowthatQmincreasesnon-monotonicallywiththecontinuousincreaseofthesubstratethicknessforHBARwithcertainpiezoelectricfilmthickness,anditapproachestothesubstratematerialmechanicalqualityfactorasthesubstratethicknessislarge.QmdecreaseswavilywiththecontinuousincreaseofthepiezoelectricfilmthicknessforHBARwithcertainsubstratethickness.SapphireandYAGwithlowmechanicallossareappropriateasthesubstratetogetalargerQm-TheelectrodelossmustbeconsideredsinceitcanreduceQm-ComparedwithAuelectrode,A1electrodewithlowerlosscanobtainhigherQmwhentheappropriateelectrodethicknessisselected.Inaddition,Qmdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffrequency.TheseresultsprovidethetheoreticalbasisforoptimizingtheparametersofHBARandshowthattrade-oflFsbetweenQmandmustbeconsideredinthedesignbecausetheirchangesareofteninconsistent.

简介：一个简单波长无关的规模因素模型为靠近环的干涉仪纤维被建立眼的回转仪(IFOG)和一个方法被建议为空格申请在高效IFOG把规模因素作为容忍的放射和温度马厩。一半波浪电压(在不同波长和温度的多功能旋转罗盘薄片的V)被测量，调节的人的放射无关的固有的参数被选出并且发现与温度并且稍微成正比波长依赖者。试验性的IFOG被开发，规模因素分别地在不同温度并且在Co60照耀下面被测量。不到10ppm规模因素不稳定性在40以内被完成？？

简介：Objective:Thepredictiveandprognosticroleofprognosticnutritionalindex(PNI)ingastriccancerpatientswithperitonealdisseminationremainsunclear.ThisstudyaimstoexploretheroleofthePNIinpredictingoutcomesofgastriccancerpatientswithperitonealdissemination.Methods:Atotalof660patientsdiagnosedwithgastricadenocarcinomawithperitonealmetastasisbetweenJanuary2000andApril2014atSunYat-senUniversityCancerCenterandtheSixthAffiliatedHospitalofSunYatsenUniversitywereretrospectivelyanalyzed.Theclinicopathologiccharacteristicsandclinicaloutcomesofpatientswithperitonealdisseminationwereanalyzed.Results:ComparedwithPNI-highgroup,PNI-lowgroupwascorrelatedwithadvancedage(P=0.036),worseperformancestatus(P<0.001),higherfrequencyofascites(P<0.001)andhigherfrequencyofmultisitedistantmetastasis(P<0.001).Kaplan-MeiersurvivalcurvesshowedthatPNI-highgrouphadasignificantlylongermedianoverallsurvivalthanPNI-lowgroup(13.13vs.9.03months,P<0.001).MultivariatesurvivalanalysisrevealedthatBorrmanntypeIV(P=0.014),presenceofascites(P=0.017)andlowerPNI(P=0.041)wereindependentpoorprognosticfactors,andpalliativesurgery(P<0.001)andfirst-linechemotherapy(P<0.001)weregoodprognosticfactors.Forpatientsreceivingpalliativesurgery,thepostoperativemorbidityratesinthePNI-lowgroupandPNIhighgroupwere9.1%and9.9%,respectively(P=0.797).ThepostoperativemortalityratewasnotsignificantlydifferentbetweenPNI-lowandPNI-highgroups(2.3%vs.0.9%,P=0.362).Conclusions:PNIisausefulandpracticaltoolforevaluatingthenutritionalstatusofgastriccancerpatientswithperitonealdissemination,andisanindependentprognosticfactorforthesepatients.

简介：Formulationintermsofhypersingularintegralequationsfortheinteractionbetweenstraightandcurvedcracksinplaneelasticityisobtainedusingthecomplexvariablefunctionsmethod.Thecurvedlengthcoordinatemethodandasuitablenumericalschemeareusedtosolvesuchintegralsnumericallyfortheunknownfunction,whicharelaterusedtofindthestressintensityfactor,SIF.

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简介：BacgroundPercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)hasbecomeoneofthemosteffectivetreatmentsincoronaryheartdisease(CHD).However,thebottleneckproblemofPCIisthein-stentrestenosis(ISR).TheaimofthisstudywastoexploretheeffectsofastragalosideIV(ASTIV)onsuppressionofintimalhyperplasiamodulationoftheexpressionofbasicfibroblastgrowthfactor(b-FGF)inaratcarotidarteryballooninjurymodel.MethodsFiftyhealthymaleSprague-Dawley(SD)ratswererandomlydividedintofivegroups:asham-operationgroup(sham),amodelgroup(model),andthreeastragalosideIV-treatedgroups.Threedaysbeforethesurgery,1%carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)orASTIV(20,40or60mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))wasintragastricallyadministeredintoshamor3astragaloside-treatedgroupsonceadayfor17days.Hematoxylin-elsinstainingwascarriedouttodeterminethepathomorphologicalchangesandtheneointimalandmediaarearatio.Immunohistochemistrystainingwasperformedtomeasuretheexpressionsofproliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA)andbasicfibrolastgrowthfactor(b-FGF).PCNAandb-FGFwereanalyzedwithIamage-ProPlus.Results(1)Thecarotidarteryintimalhyperplasiaintheratsofmodelwassimilartolumenstenosis.Comparedwiththeshamoperationgroup,theareaofthenewintimaandtheratiooftheintimatomedia(I/M)wereincreasedandthelumenareawasdecreased(P<0.01)inthemodelgroup.AstragalosideIVincreasedthelumenintimaldimensionanddecreasedtheareaofnewintimaandtheratioofintimatomediainadose-dependentmanner.(2)Comparedwiththesham-operationgroup,theexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGFincarotidarteryofmodelgroupweresignificantlyincreased(P<0.01).ASTIVdecreasedexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGFinthecarotidarteryofratsinadosedependentmanner.ConclusionAstragalosideIVsignificantlyinhibitsneointimalhyperplasiaofratcarotidarterythroughdown-regulatingtheexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGF.

简介：Atpresent,thereisnoeffectivetreatmentfortherepairoftheopticnerveafterinjury,orimprovementofitsmicroenvironmentforregeneration.Intravitreallyinjectedciliaryneurotrophicfactor(CNTF)andolfactoryensheathingcells(OECs)promotethelong-distanceregrowthofseveredopticnervefibersafterintracranialinjury.Here,weexaminedtheefficacyofthesetechniquesaloneandincombination,inaratmodelofopticnerveinjury.WeinjectedcondensedOECsuspensionatthesiteofinjury,orCNTFintothevitreousbody,orbothsimultaneously.Retrogradetracingtechniquesshowedthat4weekspostoperatively,thenumberofsurvivingretinalganglioncellsandtheiraxonaldensityintheopticnerveweregreaterinratssubjectedtoOECinjectiononlythaninthosereceivingCNTFinjectiononly.Furthermore,combinedOEC+CNTFinjectionachievedbetterresultsthaneithermonotherapy.ThesefindingsconfirmthatOECsarebetterthanCNTFatprotectinginjuredneuronsintheeye,butthatcombinedOECandCNTFtherapyisnotablymoreeffectivethaneithertreatmentalone.

简介：Objective:Chroniclymphocyticleukemia(CLL)andmantlecelllymphoma(MCL)cellsover-expressaguanineexchangefactor(GEF),Rasgrf-1.ThisGEFincreasesactiveRasasitcatalyzestheremovalofGDPfromRassothatGTPcanbindandactivateRas.ThisstudyaimstostudythemechanismofactionofRasgrf-1inB-cellmalignancies.Methods:N-terminustruncatedRasgrf-1variantshaveahigherGEFactivityascomparedtothefull-lengthtranscriptthereforeaMCLcelllinewithstableover-expressionoftruncatedRasgrf-1wasestablished.TheB-cellreceptor(BCR)andchemokinesignalingpathwayswerecomparedintheRasgrf-1over-expressingandacontroltransfectedcellline.Results:Cellsover-expressingtruncatedformofRasgrf-1haveahigherproliferativerateascomparedtocontroltransfectedcells.BCRwasactivatedbylowerconcentrationsofanti-IgMantibodyinRasgrf-1over-expressingcellsascomparedtocontrolcellsindicatingthatthesecellsaremoresensitivetoBCRsignaling.BCRsignalingalsophosphorylatesRasgrf-1thatfurtherincreasesitsGEFfunctionandamplifiesBCRsignaling.ThisactivationofRasgrf-1inover-expressingcellsresultedinahigherexpressionofphospho-ERK,AKT,BTKandPKC-alphaascomparedtocontrolcells.BesidesBCR,Rasgrf-1over-expressingcellswerealsomoresensitivetomicroenvironmentstimuliasdeterminedbyresistancetoapoptosis,chemotaxisandERKpathwayactivation.Conclusions:ThisGEFproteinsensitizesB-cellstoBCRandchemokinemediatedsignalingandalsoupregulatesanumberofothersignalingpathwayswhichpromotesgrowthandsurvivalofthesecells.

简介：放射的转移模型模拟被用来调查erythemal紫外(EUV)由分开的修正因素紫外A并且UV-B光谱范围。修正因素被定义为改变扑灭的数量和特征并且散布材料引起的EUV的比率。EUV修正因素(CFEUV)为紫外A[CFEUV(A)]并且UV-B[CFEUV(B)]被变化在全部的臭氧，喷雾器和云的光深度，和太阳的天顶角度影响。CFEUV(A)和CFEUV(B)之间的差别也作为太阳的天顶角度，喷雾器和云的光深度，和全部的臭氧的功能被估计。CFEUV(A)和CFEUV(B)之间的差别为不同太阳的天顶角度和喷雾器和云的光深度在所有模拟为云为喷雾器从5.0%～25.0%，并且从9.5%～2.0%。CFEUV的衰落的率每统一光深度在之间紫外A并且UV-B为一样的喷雾器和云条件在多达20%不同。为全部的臭氧，因为，在CFEUV(A)的变化在CFEUV(B)与那相比是可以忽略的有效光谱臭氧吸收乐队的范围。另外，CFEUV的敏感由于在表面的变化调节(即，表面反照率和表面高度)被在这研究使用模型也估计。为在表面反照率的变化，CFEUV的敏感每0.1反照率变化是2.9%-4.1%，取决于喷雾器或云的数量。为在表面高度的变化，CFEUV(B)的敏感是两次CFEUV(A)的，因为光深度在更短的波长显著地增加了的瑞利。

简介：ThedistributionofprecipitationfieldfromthetyphoonHaitang(2005)duringitslandingonFujianprovinceshowsobviousasymmetricfeature.BasedontheNCEP/NCARFNL(FinalAnalysis)data,thisstudyrevealsthecontributionsofatmosphericfactortotheasymmetricaldistributioncharacteristicsofprecipitationassociatedwiththetyphoon,throughtheanalysisofwatervaporcondition,verticalascendingmotioncondition,thecalculationofthedryQvectoranditsdecomposition,andadiabaticheatingintheaircolumnof1000hPa-600hPa(loweratmosphere)and500hPa-100hPa(upperatmosphere).Theresultsareasfollows:(1)Intheloweratmosphere,thehumidityonbothsidesoftyphoonpathcanbeequivalent,whileitismorewetontherightsidethanleftintheupperatmosphere,whichobviouslypresentsasymmetricdistributioncharacteristics.(2)Bothrangeandintensityoftheverticalmotionontherightsidearewiderandstrongerthancounterpartsontheleftsidenomatterinthelowerorupperatmosphere.(3)Intheupperatmosphere,forcingroleofatmosphereinverticalupwardmotionontherightsideoftyphoonpathisthesameasthatontheleft,whileitissignificantlydifferentintheloweratmosphere,whichissignificantlybroaderinscopeandstrongerintheintensity,alongwithobviousasymmetricdistributioncharacteristics.Inaddition,thefurtheranalysisoftheQvectordecompositionindicatesthattheforcingeffectofmesoscaleweathersystemsonverticalupwardmotionisstrongerthanthatoflargescaleweathersystemsintheloweratmosphere.(4)Theadiabaticheatingalwaysexistsonbothlowerandupperatmosphere,andtherangeandintensityoftheadiabaticheatingforcingshowedasymmetricdistributiononbothlowerandupperatmosphere.(5)Inasummary,theupperatmospherehumidityconditions,theforcingroleofloweratmosphereinverticalupwardmotion,especially,tomesoscaleweathersystem,andadiabaticheatingintheloweratmosphere,allshowsimilarasymmetricdistributioncharacteristics

简介：Therelationshipbetweenthefactoroftemperaturedifferenceofthenear-surfacelayer(T1000hPa-T2m)andseafogisanalyzedusingtheNCEPreanalysiswithahorizontalresolutionofl°xl°（2000to2011）andthestationobservations（2010to2011）.TheelementistreatedasthepredictionvariablefactorintheGRAPESmodelandusedtoimprovetheregionalpredictionofseafogonGuangdongcoastland.（1）Therelationshipbetweenthisfactorandtheoccurrenceofseafogisexplicit:Whentheseafoghappens,thevalueofthisfactorisalwayslargeinsomespecificperiods,andthenegativevalueofthisfactordecreasessignificantlyorturnspositive,suggestingtheenhancementofwarmandmoistadvectionofairflownearthesurface,whichfavorsthedevelopmentofseafog.（2）ThetransportationofwarmandmoistadvectionoverGuangdongcoastlandisfeaturedbysomestagesandthejumpingamongthesestates.Italsogetsstrongerovertime.Meanwhile,thenorthwardpropagationofwarmandmoistadvectionisquiteconsistentwiththenorthwardadvancingofseafogfromsouthtonorthalongthecoastlandofChina.（3）TheGRAPESmodelcanwellsimulateandrealizethefactorofnear-surfacetemperaturedifference.Besides,theaccuracyofregionalpredictionofmarinefog,therelevantthreatscoreandHeidkeskillscoreareallimprovedwhenthefactorisinvolved.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologyandoutcomesofculture-positivespontaneousbacterialperitonitis(SBP)andspontaneousbacteremia(SB)indecompensatedcirrhosis.METHODS:Weprospectivelycollectedclinical,laboratorycharacteristics,typeofadministeredantibiotic,susceptibilityandresistanceofbacteriatoantibioticsinonehundredthirtycases(68.5%males)withpositiveasciticfluidand/orbloodculturesduringtheperiodfromJanuary1,2012toMay30,2014.AllpatientswithSBPhadpolymorphonuclearcellcountinasciticfluid>250/mm3.InpatientswithSBathoroughstudydidnotrevealanyothercauseofbacteremia.Thepatientswerefollowed-upfora30-dperiodfollowingdiagnosisoftheinfection.Thefinaloutcomeofthepatientswasrecordedintheendoffollow-upandcomparisonamong3groupsofpatientsaccordingtothepatternofdrugresistancewasperformed.RESULTS:Gram-positive-cocci(GPC)werefoundinhalfofthecases.ThemostprevalentorganismsinadescendingorderwereEscherichiacoli(33),Enterococcusspp(30),Streptococcusspp(25),Klebsiellapneumonia(16),S.aureus(8),Pseudomanasaeruginosa(5),otherGram-negative-bacteria(GNB)(11)andanaerobes(2).Overall,20.8%ofisolatesweremultidrug-resistant(MDR)and10%extensivelydrugresistant(XDR).Health-care-associated(HCA)and/ornosocomialinfectionswerepresentin100%ofMDR/XDRandin65.5%ofnon-DRcases.MeropenemwastheempiricallyprescribedantibioticinHCA/nosocomialinfectionsshowingadrug-resistancerateof30.7%whilethirdgenerationcephalosporinsof43.8%.MeropenemwasineffectiveonbothXDRbacteriaandEnterococcusfaecium(E.faecium).AllbutoneXDRweresusceptibletocolistinwhileallGPC(includingE.faecium)andthe86%ofGNBtotigecycline.Overall30-dmortalitywas37.7%(69.2%forXDRand34.2%fortherestofthepatients)(logrank,P=0.015).Inmultivariateanalysis,factorsadverselyaffectingoutcomeincludedXDRinfection(HR=2.263,95%CI:1.005-5.095,P=0.049),creatinine(HR

简介：ThestimulatedBrillouinscattering(SBS)thresholdenhancementfactorinapurewhitenoiselinewidthbroadeningYb-dopedfiberamplifier(YDFA)withashortlargemodeareafiberistheoreticallyandexperimentallystudied.Wedemonstratea1064.08nm,11.6GHzlinewidth,1.5kWoutputpowerYDFAwithanSBSthresholdenhancementof~57(26WSBSthresholdwithsinglefrequencyseed).Theoutputbeamisnear-diffractionlimitedwithabeamqualityfactorofM~2=1.15andaslopeefficiencyofupto87%.NoSBSorstimulatedRamanscatteringeffectsareobservedinthewholepowerrange.Furtherpowerscalingislimitedbytheavailablepumppowerinoursystem.

简介：在发炎和白血球过多症之间的潜在的交叉连接有一段时间被讨论了，但是支持这教义的试验性的证据是少见的。特别地，由煽动性的调停人理解为proto-oncogenic生长因素表情的潜在的upregulation负责的机制是重要的。这里，我们调查了高度煽动性的cytokineinterleukin-1贝它的能力(IL-1β；)到导致干细胞因素(SCF)的生产，它是在造血的myeloid细胞的恶意的转变之上控制尖锐myeloid白血球过多症的前进的一个主要造血的生长因素。我们发现了那人的IL-1β；在MCF-7人的上皮的乳癌房间和那导致了SCF的表示/分泌物这个过程取决于组织缺氧可诱导的因素1(HIF-1)抄写建筑群。我们也表明了phosphatidylinositol-3kinase(PI-3K)的一个关键角色rapamycin(mTOR)的/mammalian目标在IL-1β的小径；导致的HIF-1α；在MCF-7房间的累积。重要地，mTOR也被发现在IL-1β起一个作用；导致的SCF生产。而且，为IL-1β的积极关联的一个趋势；并且在健康人的施主的血浆的SCF层次被观察。总的来说，我们的结果表明那IL-1β；，它通常衔接天生、适应的免疫，通过PI-3K/mTOR小径和HIF-1抄写建筑群导致主要haematopoietic/proleukaemic生长因素SCF的生产。这些调查结果强烈支持在发炎和尖锐myeloid白血球过多症之间的串音。