短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的研发

短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的研发
The Research of Swing Arm Strength Training Equipment of Sprinter Project
【中文摘要】 研究目的:研究证明,专项力量练习在接近、符合或超过专项比赛动作要求时才会取得理想的训练效果。很多教练员都在追求更适合摆臂专项力量的训练手段,但却苦于没有合适的训练器械。为了给教练员、运动员提供一种可以在接近或符合摆臂技术动作条件下进行摆臂专项力量训练的器械,本研究将提供一种短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,即实现短跑运动员的摆臂专项力量训练接近或符合专项技术动作要求,又实现结构简单实用,成本低廉而品质优良,操作简便,易于普及。研究方法:(1)文献资料法;(2)访谈法;(3)试验法。研究结果:本研究的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器所采用的技术方案是:它包括底座、一对支架和一对负荷阻力传动机构。所说一对支架对称固定在底座的左右两侧,一对负荷阻力传动机构对称安装在两个支架的上端,该机构中包括阻力轮、摩擦带、轮轴、摆杆和传动杆,轮轴装于支架上,轮轴外端与阻力轮固定,里端与摆杆上端固定,摩擦带套在阻力轮上,并设有张紧调节装置,摆杆下端与传动杆外端连接,传动杆里端连接有一对臂动同步挡杆。上述的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,所说负荷阻力传动机构设有负荷指示装置,该装置包括刻度盘、指针和指针轴,指针轴装于支架上,其一端与指针固定,另一端与摩擦带固定,刻度盘固定于支架上。上述的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,所说摆杆由插接套和插接管构成,传动杆由插接套和插接杆插接构成,摆杆的插接管下端与传动杆的插接杆外端插接固定。上述的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,所说一对臂动同步挡杆是一对凹弧面滚轮,滚轮装于一轮距可调的连接架上,连接架与传动杆的插接套固定,滚轮外表包裹有柔性防护垫。上述的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,所说底座上设有踏板,支架由上半架与下半架插接构成,上半架上设有多个供高度调节插销插接的销孔,下半架上设有一至两个插销孔。本研究的器械的创新点是:使用本器械进行摆臂力量训练能够接近和符合专项比赛动作的要求,使短跑运动员在不破坏前后摆臂技术动作的情况下进行力量训练。其工作原理是:调节轮轴的高度,摆杆长度,臂动同步挡杆两滚轮的宽度,以符合练习者的身体形态要求。练习者两脚前后站立于底座的踏板上,两膝微屈,身体微前倾或保持正直,两只手臂分别伸入两侧的臂动同步挡板中,手臂弯曲成90度,用上臂下部位贴着臂动同步挡板的滚轮。练习者做前后的摆臂。在摆臂过程中,手臂与臂动同步挡杆、传动杆、摆杆、轮轴和阻力轮进行同步运动。套在阻力轮上的摩擦带与阻力轮产生摩擦形成负荷阻力,负荷阻力可以通过张紧调节装置调节摩擦带的松紧度来调节负荷阻力的大小,负荷阻力值又可以通过负荷指示装置显示出来。研究结论:(1)本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,可以为短跑运动员的摆臂力量训练提供一种新的训练手段,满足教练员、运动员训练上肢摆臂力量的要求。(2)本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,可以使短跑运动员的摆臂力量训练接近和符合专项比赛动作的要求,即可以满足摆臂技术动作的摆臂幅度、肩轴扭转技术动作、前摆臂内摆和后摆臂外摆动作等要求。(3)本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器可以通过各种调节方式满足身高从157厘米到190厘米的短跑运动员进行摆臂力量训练,此器械的高度调节范围为:1260mm～1710mm,调节间隔50mm;肩宽调节范围为:(130+50n)mm～(410+50n)mm,其中n=1,2,3,4,5,6,7;摆杆长度调节范围为:170mm～250mm,调节间隔20mm;(4)本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,负荷阻力值可调范围:0～7.9千克力,满足短跑运动员进行不同强度力量训练的需要。(5)本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器,于2009年2月4日获国家实用新型专利,专利号为ZL200820077097.6。  还原

【英文摘要】 Research purposes:Studies have shown only when the specific strength exercises close to meet or exceed specific requirements that the competition can achieve the desired results of training.Coaches are in pursuit of a much more suitable arm force of the training methods,but they do not have the appropriate training equipment.In order to give coaches,athletes with an arm at close to or in line with the technical arm movements under conditions of specific strength training equipment,this study will provide an arm strength training of sprinter project,that is to achieve specific arm strength training which close to or load special technical movement requirements,and also realize the practical implementation of simple structure,low costs and high quality,easy to operate popularize.Research Methods:(1) Literature Information Method;(2) Interview Method;(3) Test Method.Research results:In this study,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project used by the technical program are:it includes the base,a pair of brackets and a pair of load resistance transmission,that is a pair of symmetrical stent fixed at the base of the right and left sides,a pair of symmetrical load resistance transmission mechanism installed in the top two stents,the agency includes round resistance,friction belt,axle,swinging rod and the transmission rod,the axle Installed on the bracket,outer axle end is fixed with the resistance wheel,inner part placed on a post,friction band sets up at resistance round,and installed with a tensioning adjustment device,the lower end of pendulum rod connect with the outer end,on the drive rod transmission-side rod where there is a pair of arms moving simultaneously lever. The project spring arm strength trainer which mentioned above,the load resistance transmission device equipped with load instructions,the device including the dial,pointer and the pointer shaft,Pointer shaft installed on the bracket on its side is fixed with the pointer,the other end fixed with the friction, the dial fixed on the stent.The above-mentioned project sprint arm strength training,and the swing rod Constitute by the plug-in kits and inserted take- over, transmission rod constitute by rod plug and plug in kits,the bottom bar of the plug is fixed with the outer end of the rod plug.The above-mentioned project sprint arm strength training,and has the pedal at the base of the machine,Stent constitute by the first half and the second half of aircraft plug,the first half has a number of pin holes that can plug for the high adjustment bolt.The second half of the shelves has one or two bolt holes.In this study,the innovation of the equipment:it can be able to close and in accordance with the specific action requirements when use of the arm strength training equipment,so that sprinters can conduct the strength training without undermine the technical arm movements.In this study,the working principle of the equipment:adjust height of axle,length of swing rod,two wheel's width of the rod arm moving file,so it can meet the requirements of body shape of practitioners.Practitioners stand on the base of the pedals,Peg-leg the knees,the body lean forward or maintaining straight,the two arms separately move into the both sides of simultaneously baffle arm,the arm bent 90 degrees,with the bottom of the upper arm close to the arm action of the roller shutter sync.Practitioners to do forward and afterward moving of the arm.During the Process,arm will move simultaneously with the transmission pole,swing rod,axle and resistance synchronized round of Sports.It will have the load resistance when the friction of the resistance round rubs with the wheel friction.Load resistance can adjust the size of load resistance by adjusting the tightness of friction belt of the tensioning adjustment device,Load resistance value can display directly through the load device.Research conclusion:(1) in this paper,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project could provide a new training methods to sprinters, and it could meet the requirements of the coaches and athletes when they do practice exercise arm strength.(2)In this paper,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project could enable the sprinter's arm strength close to and in accordance with the special request of action,it can meet the requirements of the arm swing amplitude of the technical movements,reverse movement of Shoulder axis,and the in and out action of the pendulum arm.(3) In this paper,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project could meet the regulation height from 157 centimeters to 190 centimeters of sprinter athletes to do the arm strength training,the range of equipment height:1260mm-1710mm,adjust spacing is 50mm;shoulder width adjustment range:(130+50n) mm-(410+50n) mm,and n=1,2,3,4,5,6,7; swing rod length adjustment range:170mm-250mm,adjust spacing is 20mm;(4) In this paper,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project could meet sprinters needs to do different intensity strength training. The range of the load resistance adjustment is:0-7.9kgf.(5) In this paper,the swing arm strength training equipment of sprinter project has gained the National utility model patents,patent No. ZL200820077097.6.  还原

【中文关键词】 力量训练器; 短跑; 摆臂; 摆臂力量; 摆臂力量训练器
【英文关键词】 Strength training; Sprint; Swing Arm; Arm Strength; Arm Strength; Training Equipment
【毕业论文目录】毕业论文www.lwkoo.cn论文
中文摘要 4-6
英文摘要 6-9
1 前言 12-16
    1.1 选题依据 12-15
        1.1.1 短跑途中跑技术的演变 12
        1.1.2 摆臂的作用 12-13
        1.1.3 目前国内上肢肩带力量训练手段及训练所借助的训练器械 13-15
    1.2 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的研究目的与意义 15
    1.3 有摆臂结构的力量训练器的研究现状 15-16
2 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的研发 16-31
    2.1 器械研发的前期工作 16-17
        2.1.1 摆臂技术动作的运动学分析 16-17
        2.1.2 短跑运动员基本参数的确定 17
    2.2 本研发的短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的设计方案 17-18
    2.3 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的创新点、技术关键和具体指标参数 18
    2.4 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的具体实施方式 18-21
    2.5 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的工作原理 21
    2.6 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的效果图 21-23
    2.7 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的装配图 23-24
    2.8 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的研制历程 24-28
        2.8.1 设计历程 25-27
        2.8.2 加工历程 27-28
    2.9 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的实物图 28-29
    2.10 器械的负荷阻力值的标定 29-31
        2.10.1 标定方法 29-30
        2.10.2 标定结果与分析 30-31
3 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器基本参数的验证 31-35
    3.1 验证目的 31
    3.2 验证方法 31-32
        3.2.1 指标"a、b、c"的验证方法 31
        3.2.2 指标"d"的验证方法 31-32
        3.2.3 指标"e"的验证方法 32
    3.3 验证结果与分析 32-35
        3.3.1 指标"a、b、c"的验证结果与分析 32-33
        3.3.2 指标"d"的验证结果与分析 33-34
        3.3.3 指标"e"的验证结果与分析 34-35
4 结论 35-36
5 改进意见和前景展望 36-38
    5.1 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器第二代试验品的改进意见 36
    5.2 短跑项目摆臂力量训练器的前景展望 36-38
参考文献 38-41
致谢 41-42
攻读学位期间取得的科研成果清单 42

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