简介:WhenaccountingtheCO2emissionsresponsibilityoftheelectricitysectorattheprovinciallevelinChina,itisofgreatsignificancetoconsiderthescopeofbothproducers’andtheconsumers’responsibility,sincethiswillpromotefairnessindefiningemissionresponsibilityandenhancecooperationinemissionreductionamongprovinces.Thispaperproposesanewmethodforcalculatingcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelbasedonthesharedresponsibilityprincipleandtakingintoaccountinterregionalpowerexchange.Thismethodcannotonlybeusedtoaccounttheemissionresponsibilitysharedbyboththeelectricityproductionsideandtheconsumptionside,butitisalsoapplicableforcalculatingthecorrespondingemissionresponsibilityundertakenbythoseprovinceswithnetelectricityoutflowandinflow.ThismethodhasbeenusedtoaccountforthecarbonemissionsresponsibilitiesofthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelinChinasince2011.Theempiricalresultsindicatethatcomparedwiththeproduction-basedaccountingmethod,thecarbonemissionsofmajorpower-generationprovincesinChinacalculatedbythesharedresponsibilityaccountingmethodarereducedbyatleast10%,butthoseofotherpower-consumptionprovincesareincreasedby20%ormore.Secondly,basedontheprincipleofsharedresponsibilityaccounting,InnerMongoliahasthehighestcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorwhileHainanhasthelowest.Thirdly,fourprovinces,includingInnerMongolia,Shanxi,HubeiandAnhui,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflow-14milliontin2011,accountingfor74.42%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflowinChina.Sixprovinces,includingHebei,Beijing,Guangdong,Liaoning,Shandong,andJiangsu,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflow-11milliontin2011,accountingfor71.44%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflowinChina.Lastly,thispaperhasestimatedtheemissionfactorsofelectricity
简介:【摘要】目的:针对CO2激光手术治疗扁平疣的效果展开分析。方法:选取我院2021年6月-2021年7月期间收治的120例扁平疣患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和研究组,各60例,对照组给予常规治疗,研究组给予CO2激光手术治疗,比较两组患者治疗3个月后并发症发生率以及复发率。结果:研究组并发症发生率与复发率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对扁平疣患者实施CO2激光手术治疗可以降低并发症发生率与复发率,治疗效果显著,建议推广使用。
简介:摘要:熔化极气体保护焊单面焊双面成型是指焊接操作人员在工 件正面焊接,焊接结束后要求焊缝背面成型良好,无未焊透、焊瘤、 背面凹等焊接缺欠。熔化极气体保护焊立位单面焊双面成型在公司的 考证轮训中必考项目和技能竞赛比赛项目。熔化极气体保护焊是指在 焊接过程中焊丝作为熔化的电极,附加单元、两元或者多元气体保护 焊电弧及焊接熔池的焊接操作技能。
简介:TheimpactsofelevatedtemperatureandCO2onyoungsilverbirch(BetulapendulaRoth)saplingsafter0,25,50or75%artificialdefoliationwereassessedbymeasuringplantheightanddrymassofabovegroundcompartmentsandrootsandvariousmorphologicalandphysiologicalvariables.Defoliationeitherincreasedordecreasedplantgrowthdependingontheseverityofdamageandtheclimatictreatment.At21Cand400mgL-1CO2,defoliatedplantswerenotabletocompensateforthelostfoliage,butgrowthcompensationandadaptationtothechangedconditionsweregreater;growthofyoungdefoliatedsilverbirchsaplingsincreased,whichledtoincreasedheightandatendencytoenhancefinalabovegroundandrootbiomassandleafnitrogenandcarboncontentcomparedtothenondefoliatedcontrols.Nevertheless,theshort-termeffectofthedifferentclimaticconditionsdidnotresultinasignificantovergrowthofdefoliatedplants.AslightincreaseintemperatureandCO2werethemostacceptableconditionsfordefoliatedplants;however,a4CincreasewithcorrespondinglyhigherCO2wasmorestressfulasshownbylessgrowthinheightandbiomassallocationtoleaves,stemsandroots.Thefindingsfromthepilotexperimentaremoreapplicabletoyoungbirchtrees,butstressonyoungtreesmaybereflectedinfuturetreegrowth.
简介:利用国外较为成熟的气候与经济综合评估模型(DICE/RICE),通过调整CO2排放控制率,对我国2000--2050年的若干CO2排放情景进行了设定,在保证大气CO2总量稳定的前提下开展了若干c02减排方案下我国CO2排放量、经济发展水平和效用水平的影响评估。研究结果表明,若干CO2减排方案都可以使未来200年的全球平均地表温度增量控制在3.2℃的气候安全阂值范围内,都可以有效地保护全球气候安全。当我国到2050年的CO2排放量从2000年的253%控制为50%时,国内生产总值(GDP)的下降幅度从0.33%增加到12.22%,相对应的效用值的下降幅度从0.00422增加到0.09946,其下降幅度都随CO2减排额度的加大而增加。为此,我国将要追加621.96亿~13784.73亿美元的气候投资,占GDP的0.19%~10.5%。因此,从最大程度地减少实施减排所需要的气候投资和对我国经济影响的角度出发,我国应该优先选择到2050年CO2排放量控制为2000年的253%这个方案。
简介:OnthebasisofdatacollectedintheJiaozhouBayinJuneandJuly2003,theDICdistributioninseawaterisstudied,andanaverageair-seafluxofCO2isestimated.TheresultsshowthatthecontentofDICinsidethebayismarkedlyhigherthanoutsidethebayinJune,butthecontentofDICoutsidethebayismarkedlyhigherthaninsidethebayinJuly.ThetrendofDICdistributioninsidethebayissimilar,viz.thecontentisthemaximuminthenortheast,thendecreasesgraduallytowardthewest,andthecontentistheminimuminthewest.Thetotaltrendofverticaldistributionistoincreasegraduallyfromsurfacetobottom.ThischaracteristicofDICdistributionisdeterminedbyJiaozhouBayhydrologyandthereisacloserelationbetweenDICandparticulateN,P.AverageCO2fluxacrossthesourceforatmosphericCO2inJuneandJuly,andthetotalCO2fluxfromseawaterintoatmosphereisabout740tinJuneand969tinJuly.