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简介：环境友好的L-prolinamide催化丁间醇醛反应被开发了。反应展出了宽广底层概论，并且有好diastereoselectivity的高收益为周期的酉同类被获得。产品隔离的简洁，是的水的用法环境地良性的反应媒介，和用法便宜，容易地可得到并且recyclable催化剂使这个过程有希望为氢氧根酉同类的大规模准备被发展。

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简介：β-sialon/alumina/silicamixturesweresinteredinflowingnitrogenat1500℃and1600℃respectively.ThesinteringpropertiesandmorphologyofsampleswereinvestigatedbySEM,EDSandXRD.Resultsshowthatsinteredpropertiesofthesamplesareinfluencedbysoakingtemperaturesandcompositions.Bulkdensitiesofsamplesareincreasedwiththeincreaseofthesoakingtemperature,whereastheapparentporositiesaredecreased.Masslossofthesinteredsamplesat1500℃islowerthanthatat1600℃,butallthemasslossremainsapproximatelyconstantwiththeincreaseofsialoncontent.Fromthepointofthermodynamicanalysis,ComplexchemicalreactionstakeplaceinsamplesduringsinteringprocessandthevolatileofSiO(g)isresponsibleforthemasslossofsamples.Comparedtocrosssectionmicrostructureofβ-sialon/Al2O3/SiO2mixturessinteredincokepowderbedconsistingofthedensecenterwithwell-developedcolumnofsialonphase,thetransitionalpartwithneedlelikegrainnitrogen-containingphaseandtheloosepartwithshortgranularAl2O3phase,thoseofmixturessinteredinflowingnitrogenisofwell-developedsialonindensecenterandslightlyloosepartwithsialondebris.

简介：BasedontheknowinggeochemicalcharacteristicsofwallrockintheMobingolddepositandcompositionoffluidinclusioninore,water-rockexperimentswerecarriedout,importantachievementsareacquiredasfollowing:Goldismainlyderivedfromtheore-bearingwallrock,i,e.,aseriesofepimetamorphicclasticgritstone,sandyslate,andtuffaceousslateintheWuqiangBanxiFormation,WuqiangxiGroup.Inthermalsystemwithmiddle-lowtemperaturechlorinegoldmaybederivedformstablecomplexions,soitisquiteimportantingoldmetallogenicprocess.Sulphurandchlorineperformasthemajornegativeionsthroughoutthegoldactivationandmigrationmovement.Theconcentrationofsulphurandchlorineions,pHvalueandtemperatureareofdecidingsignificanceforgoldactivation,migrationandprecipitation.

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简介：当溶剂不在时利用KF/Al2O3的酰胺的一个提高微波的水解作用被开发了。胺与相应的羧基的酸一起在优秀收益被生产。

简介：TheeffectofyttriaonthesolidreactionmechanismofaCaHPO4·2H2O+CaCO3systematdifferenttemperatureswasexperimentallystud-ied.Thesampleswithandwithoutyttriaweresubjectedtothermogravimetric/differentialscanningcalorimetrymeasurement.ThesampleswereheattreatedatthetemperaturescorrespondingtothepeaksontheDSCspectra,andtheresultedphasecompositionswereidentifiedbyX-raydiffraction.Thetransformationmechanismwasdeducedbycomparingthephasesobtainedatdifferenttemperatures.Theresultsshowthatthetransformationsatbelow1073Karenotaffectedbyyttria,butallthoseatabove1073Karecompletelyaltered.Theformationtem-peratureofhydroxyapatitedecreasesby134K,andthedecompositiontemperatureincreasesby38K.ThepolymorphoustransformationofCa3(PO4)2fromβphasetoαphaseincreasesby47K.Thethermodynamicpropertiesofthetransformationsatabove1073Karealsomodi-fiedbytheadditionofyttria;thatis,theendothermalpeaksaresubstitutedbyexothermalpeaks.

简介：AnovelfittingprocedureisproposedforabetterdeterminationofH2rovibrationaldistributionfromtheFulcher-abandspectroscopy.WehaverecalculatedthetransitionprobabilitiesandtheresultsshowthattheydeviatefromFranck-Condonapproximationespeciallyforthenon-diagonaltransitions.Wealsocalculatedthecompletesetsofvibrationallyresolvedcrosssectionsforelectronimpactd3∏u-X3∑gtransitionbasedonthesemi-classicalGryzinskitheory.AnexampleofexperimentalstudyconfirmsthatcurrentapproachprovidesatoolforabetterdiagnosticsofH2rovibrationaldistributioninelectronicgroundstate.

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简介：ThermaldecompositionofformicacidonSiO_2,CeO_2andγ-Al_2O_3wasstudiedasanelementarystepofreversewater–gasshitreaction(RWGS)oversupportedAucatalysts.γ-Al_2O_3showedthehighestCOselectivityamongthetestedoxidesinthedecompositionofformicacid.Infraredspectroscopyshowedtheformationoffourformatespeciesonγ-Al_2O_3:threeη~1-typeandoneμ~2-typespecies,andtheseformatesdecomposedtoCOat473Korhigher.Au-loadedγ-Al_2O_3sampleswerepreparedbyadepositionprecipitationmethodandusedascatalystsforRWGS.ThesupportedAucatalystgaveCOwithhighselectivityover99%fromCO_2andH_2,whichisattributedtotheformationofformatesonAuandsubsequentdecompositiontoCOonγ-Al_2O_3.

简介：AbstractObjective:Optimal reference genes are critical for accurate normalization and reliable interpretation of gene expression quantification data. Recently, several strategies have been utilized for validating reference genes in different human tissues. However, no universal reference genes have been described that accurately summarize transcriptional activity in human spermatozoa.Methods:Using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we evaluated ten commonly used candidate reference genes between two groups of human cryopreserved donor sperm with different pregnancy rates. We assessed the stability of reference genes using three different algorithms, namely geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper. We then identified the most stable reference genes.Results:Male-enhanced antigen 1 (MEA1) was identified as the most stably expressed reference gene, followed by testis-enhanced gene transcript (TEGT).Conclusions:We comprehensively identified MEA1 and TEGT as the most stably expressed reference genes for the normalization of gene expression data in human spermatozoa.

简介：反的尖晶石类型金属氧化物，magnesium-manganese-titanium氧化物(Mg2Mn0.5Ti0.5O4)，用coprecipitation/thermal结晶化方法被准备。有这材料的抽取/插入反应被X光检查，交换的浸透能力，pH滴定，和分发系数(Kd)测量调查。Mg2Mn0.5Ti0.5O4的酸处理引起了Mg2+超过81%的抽取，而Mn4+和Ti4+的溶解是不到10%。试验性的结果证明酸处理的样品有交换56mg的一个能力

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简介：TheBiginelli-typecompounds4,5,8a-triarylhexahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7(1H,3H)-dionesweresynthesizedbyaone-potthree-componentreactionusingsulfatedtinoxideasareusablecatalyst.Thismethodhastheadvantagesofhighyields,shortreactiontime,simplestartingmaterialsandreusabilityofcatalystforseveraltimes.

简介：Astudywasmadeofmagneticfieldeffects(MFEs)onthephotoreductionreactionof2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone(MNQ)inBrij35micellarsolutioncontaining4-1auroylamino-TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)radical(L-R·)undermagneticfieldsbelow1.75Tbyananosecondlaserflashphotolysistechnique.ThetripletMNQmainlyunderwentthehydrogenabstractionfromBrij35moleculetogivearadicalpair.Theescapedradicalyieldincreasedwithmagneticfieldsfrom0to0.62Tandthensaturatedfrom0.62to1.75T.MFEsforbothsystemscanbeexplainedbytherelaxationmechanism.However,itwassupposedthatadditionalradical,L-R.affectedtheMFEsmainlythroughenhancingthespin-spininteractionsofradicalpairs.TheeffectofthemicellesizeonMFEsofthestudyingsystemwasalsodiscussed.

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