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简介：Theinflammatoryprocessplaysacentralroleinthedevelopmentandprogressionofnumerouspathologicalsituations,suchasinflammatoryboweldisease(IBD),autoimmuneandneurodegenerativediseases,metabolicsyndrome,andcardiovasculardisorders.IBDsinvolveinflammationofthegastrointestinalareaandmainlycompriseCrohn’sdisease(CD)andulcerativecolitis(UC).Bothpathologicalsituationsusuallyinvolverecurringorbloodydiarrhea,pain,fatigueandweightloss.ThereisatpresentnopharmacologicalcureforCDorUC.However,surgerymaybecurativeforUCpatients.Theprescribedtreatmentaimstoamelioratethesymptomsandpreventand/ordelaynewpainfulepisodes.Flavonoidcompoundsarealargefamilyofhydroxylatedpolyphenolicmoleculesabundantinplants,includingvegetablesandfruitswhicharethemajordietarysourcesofthesecompoundsforhumans,togetherwithwineandtea.Flavonoidsarebecomingverypopularbecausetheyhavemanyhealth-promotinganddisease-preventiveeffects.Mostinteresthasbeendirectedtowardstheantioxidantactivityofflavonoids,evidencingaremarkablefree-radicalscavengingcapacity.However,accumulatingevidencesuggeststhatflavonoidshavemanyotherbiologicalproperties,includinganti-inflammatory,antiviral,anticancer,andneuroprotectiveactivitiesthroughdifferentmechanismsofaction.ThepresentreviewanalyzestheavailabledataaboutthedifferenttypesofflavonoidsandtheirpotentialeffectivenessasadjuvanttherapyofIBDs.

简介：AIM:Toanalyzethepotentialrelationshipbetweengastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD)andthedevelopmentofatrialfibrillation(AF).METHODS:Usingthekeywords'atrialfibrillationandgastroesophagealreflux','atrialfibrillationandesophagitis,peptic','atrialfibrillationandhernia,hiatal'thePubMed,EMBASE,CochraneLibrary,OVIDSP,WILEYdatabaseswerescreenedforrelevantpublicationsonGERDandAFinadultsbetweenJanuary1972-December2013.StudieswritteninlanguagesotherthanEnglishorFrench,studiesnotperformedinhumans,reviews,casereports,abstracts,conferencepresentations,letterstotheeditor,editorials,commentsandopinionswerenottakenintoconsideration.ArticlestreatingthesubjectofradiofrequencyablationofAFandtheconsecutivedevelopmentofGERDwerealsoexcluded.RESULTS:Twothousandonehundredsixty-onetitleswerefoundofwhich8articlesmettheinclusioncriteria.ThepresenceofAFinpatientswithGERDwasreportedtobebetween0.62%-14%,highercomparedtothosewithoutGERD.EpidemiologicaldataprovidedbytheseobservationalstudiesshowedthatpatientswithGERD,especiallythosewithmoresevereGERD-relatedsymptoms,hadanincreasedriskofdevelopingAFcomparedwiththosewithoutGERD,butacausalrelationshipbetweenGERDandAFcouldnotbeestablishedbasedonthesestudies.ThemechanismsofAFasaconsequenceofGERDremainlargelyunknown,withinflammationandvagalstimulationplayingapossibleroleinthedevelopmentofthesedisorders.TreatmentwithprotonpompinhibitorsmayimprovesymptomsrelatedtoAFandfacilitateconversiontosinusrhythm.CONCLUSION:AlthoughlinksbetweenAFandGERDexist,largerandomizedclinicalstudiesarerequiredforabetterunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenthesetwoentities.

简介：AbstractIn the past decades, there have been numerous advancements in the field of technology. This has led to many scientific breakthroughs in the field of medical sciences. In this, rapidly transforming world we are having a difficult time and the problem of fatigue is becoming prevalent. So, this study aimed to understand what is fatigue, its repercussions, and techniques to detect it using machine learning (ML) approaches. This paper introduces, discusses methods and recent advancements in the field of fatigue detection. Further, we categorized the methods that can be used to detect fatigue into four diverse groups, that is, mathematical models, rule-based implementation, ML, and deep learning. This study presents, compares, and contrasts various algorithms to find the most promising approach that can be used for the detection of fatigue. Finally, the paper discusses the possible areas for improvement.

简介：A64-year-oldmanwasadmittedtotheSunYat-SenUniversityCancerCenterwithchiefcomplaintsofrecurrentabdominalpainanddiarrheaforabout3yearsandwithahistoryofsurgicalrepairforintestinalperforationowingtostressulcer.Positronemissiontomography(PET)/computedtomography(CT)demonstratedaprimarytumoronthepancreatictailwithmultifocallivermetastases.Pathologicalandimmunohistochemistrystainingrevealedthelesiontobeapancreaticneuroendocrinetumor(pNET).AccordingtothelatestWorldHealthOrganization(WHO,2013)classification,thetumorwasclassifiedasstageIVfunctionalG1pNET.Afterreferraltothemultidisciplinarytreatmentboard(MDT),thepatientwasstartedonperiodicdoseofomeprazole,somatostatinanaloguesandInterferonα(IFNα)andhadscanningfollow-ups.Basedupontheimagingresults,CT-guidedradioactiveiodine-125(125I)seedsimplantationtherapy,radiofrequencyablationtherapy(RFA)ormicrowaveablationtechniquewerechosenforthetreatmentoftheprimarytumor.Transarterialchemoembolization(TACE),RFAandmicrowaveablationtechniquesweredecideduponforlivermetastases.Thepatientshowedbeneficialresponsetothetreatmentwithclinicallymanageablelow-gradesideeffectsandattainedpartialremission(RECISTcriteria)withagoodqualityoflife.

简介：AbstractSwine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a recently discovered coronavirus that causes severe and acute diarrhea and rapid weight loss in piglets. SADS-CoV was reported to be capable of infecting cell lines derived from diverse species, including bats, mice, hamsters, rats, chickens, pigs, nonhuman primates, and humans, implying its high risk of cross-species infection. However, its receptor is still unknown. In this study, the receptor-binding domain of the SADS-CoV spike (S) protein was purified and then subjected to affinity purification (AP)-coupled mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analysis to identify the interactors of the SADS-CoV S protein. Forty-three host proteins were identified, and a Gene Ontology analysis indicated that these interactors can be grouped into categories such as "cell-cell adhesion" , "translation" "viral transcription" , suggesting that these processes may participate in the SADS-CoV life cycles. RNA interference-based screening of these interactors indicated that PPIB and vimentin can affect SADS-CoV replication. Our study provides an overarching view into the host interactome of the SADS-CoV S protein and highlights potential targets for the development of therapeutics against SADS-CoV.

简介：MeSHpancreaticoduodenectomy;pancreaticanastomoticleak;fistulaofpancreas;periampullarycarcinoma;jaundicecomplicationcarcinomaofpancreas;ABSTRACYObjectTopreventpancreaticanastomoticleakbythecomprehensiveleakproofmeasuresforpancre-aticoduodenectomy.MethodsFromDecember1981toJune2002,128consecutivepatientsunderwentpancreati-coduodenectomy.127casessufferedfromthemalignantdiseaseandonefromchronicpancreatitis.Theauthorperformedtheoperationsandadoptedthecomprehensivemeasurestopreventpancreaticanastomoticleak.Themeasuresweremainly

简介：AbstractChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem, which can cause chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and other diseases. Antiviral therapy is the most critical measure to slow down the progression of chronic hepatitis B, prevent or delay cirrhosis, HCC, and other kinds of liver decompensation events. At present, the anti-hepatitis B virus drugs are mainly nucleoside (acid) analogues (NAs) and interferon. Each kind of antiviral drug has different effects on the clinical outcome of hepatitis B patients (such as HCC). In this paper, we discussed the biological characteristics, natural course and prognosis of HBV infection, the mechanism of HBV-related HCC, the effect of different antiviral drugs on patients’ outcome, predictive biomarkers and model for HBV clinical outcome, predictors of sustained response and recurrence after withdrawal of antiviral therapy, consideration of expanding therapeutic indications and antiviral therapy, hoping to give a hand to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HBV.

简介：选择腰椎间盘突出症后凸型患者96例，随机分为观察组50例和对照组46例，观察组采用针剌牵引推拿综合治疗，对照组仅用针刺治疗，对患者治疗后进行疗效评定。治疗组和对照组治疗后的疗效有显著差异(P<0．05)。综合治疗腰椎间盘突出症后凸型疗效确切，方法简便，具有一定的临床指导意义。

简介：AbstractBackground:Rectal cancer (RC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in tumor regulation. Nevertheless, their exact expression features and functions remain obscure, and therefore was the aim of the current study.Methods:We utilized the Affymetrix human GeneChip to screen differentially expressed profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs from the cancer tissues and matched paracancer tissues of 6 RC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses identified crucial functions and pathways of the aberrantly expressed mRNAs. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to verify the significant expression differences of 11 candidate lncRNAs between the cancer and paracancer tissues. LncRNA-mRNA coexpression networks were built by calculating the Pearson correlation value to identify significant correlation pairs. Online bioinformatics tools GEPIA2, ONCOMINE, and PROGgeneV2 were used to mine the expression and prognosis of three crucial mRNAs and six verified lncRNAs. Competing endogenous RNA networks were constructed by predicting microRNA response elements and calculating free energy.Results:We found 1658 differentially expressed lncRNAs (778 up-regulated and 880 down-regulated) and 1783 aberrantly expressed mRNAs (909 up-regulated and 874 down-regulated). GO and pathway enrichment analyses revealed the vital functions of the differentially expressed mRNAs, including cell proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, and cellular response to zinc ion. The canonical signaling pathways mainly included the interleukin-17, cell cycle, Wnt, and mineral absorption signaling pathways. Six lncRNAs including AC017002.2 (P= 0.039), cancer susceptibility 19 (CASC19) (P= 0.021), LINC00152 (P= 0.013), NONHSAT058834 (P= 0.007), NONHSAT007692 (P= 0.045), and ENST00000415991.1 (P= 0.045) showed significant differences in expression levels between the cancer tissue and paracancer tissue groups. AC017002.2, NONHSAT058834, NONHSAT007692, and ENST00000415991.1 have not yet been reported in RC. The crucial mRNAs myelocytomatosis viral oncogene (MYC), transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI), and solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) were selected. AC017002.2 and LINC00152 were positively correlated with MYC, TGFBI, and cytochrome P450 family 2 sub-family B member 6 (All r > 0.900, P < 0.050). NONHSAT058834 was positively associated with MYC (r = 0.930, P < 0.001), and CASC19 was positively correlated with SLC7A5 (r= 0.922, P < 0.001).Conclusion:This study offers convincing evidence of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs as potential biomarkers in RC.

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简介：Xingxiong注射(XXI)是叶片白果树摘录和ligustrazine为心血管、脑血管的疾病的治疗作好准备的一个广泛地使用的中国草药的公式。与药理学研究相比，这个公式上的化学分析和质量控制研究是相对有限的。在现在的学习，高效液体层析结合了四极time-of-flight团spectrometry(HPLC-QTOFMS)方法在XXI被用于成分的全面分析。根据破碎规则和以前的报告，三十白果树flavonoids，四白果树萜烯内酯，和一碱被识别。高效液体层析结合了三倍的四极团spectrometry(HPLC-QQQMS)方法然后被使用确定在XXI的十主要成分。方法确认结果显示发达方法有理想的特性，线性，精确和精确性。白果树flavonoids的全部的内容关于22.05-25.51g·mL−1，白果树萜烯内酯数量分别地关于在XXI样品的六批的4.41-8.70g·mL−1。而且，余弦比率算法和距离大小被采用评估XXI样品的类似，并且结果表明了高质量的一致性。这个工作能在Xingxiong注射的质量控制上提供全面信息，它在一个合理质量控制标准的建立是有用的。

简介：Objective:Toobservethetherapeuticeffectofcomprehensiveplum-blossommagneticneedletherapyonprolapseoflumbarintervertebraldisc.Methods:247casesofprolapseoflumbarintervertebraldiscweretreatedfirstwithmanualtreatmentandthenwithplum-blossommagneticneedletherapyandeffect-increasingpadtherapyatspecifiedpointsandreactivepoints.Results:Aftertreatmentfor2therapeuticcourses,153caseswerecuredaccountingfor61.94%,71casesweremarkedlyeffectiveaccountingfor28.75%,22caseswereimprovedaccountingfor8.91%andtherestonefailed,accountingfor0.45%.Conclusion:Thecomprehensiveplum-blossommagneticneedletherapyhasabettertherapeuticeffectonprolapseoflumbarintervertebraldisc.

简介：AbstractBackground:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common type of hematological malignancy in elderly people. Geriatricians have developed comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) methods for elderly patients; however, the tools used for CGA in AML are not uniform. Thus, we aimed to validate the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales, age, comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index), and albumin (IACA) index, which is a new tool for CGA, in elderly patients with AML.

简介：AbstractBackground:Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy is the standard surgical procedure for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with tumor thrombus (TT). But the estimation of intra-operative blood loss is only based on the surgeon’s experience. Therefore, our study aimed to develop Peking University Third Hospital score (PKUTH score) for the prediction of intra-operative blood loss volume in radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 153 cases of renal mass with renal vein (RV) or inferior vena cava tumor thrombus admitted to Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital from January 2015 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The total amount of blood loss during operation is equal to the amount of blood sucked out by the aspirator plus the amount of blood in the blood-soaked gauze. Univariate linear analysis was used to analyze risk factors for intra-operative blood loss, then significant factors were included in subsequent multivariable linear regression analysis.Results:The final multivariable model included the following three factors: open operative approach (P < 0.001), Neves classification IV (P < 0.001), inferior vena cava resection (P = 0.001). The PKUTH score (0-3) was calculated according to the number of aforementioned risk factors. A significant increase of blood loss was noticed along with higher risk score. The estimated median blood loss from PKUTH score 0 to 3 was 280 mL (interquartile range [IQR] 100-600 mL), 1250 mL (IQR 575-2700 mL), 2000 mL (IQR 1250-2900 mL), and 5000 mL (IQR 4250-8000 mL), respectively. Meanwhile, the higher PKUTH score was, the more chance of post-operative complications (P = 0.004) occurred. A tendency but not significant overall survival difference was found between PKUTH risk score 0 vs. 1 to 3 (P = 0.098).Conclusion:We present a structured and quantitative scoring system, PKUTH score, to predict intra-operative blood loss volume in radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy.

简介：Sincethe1970s,outcomestudiesforchildrenwithhearinglossexpandedfromfocusingonassessingauditoryawarenessandspeechperceptionskillstoevaluatinglanguageandspeechdevelopment.Sincetheearly2000s,themulti-centerlargescaleresearchsystematicallystudiedoutcomesintheareasofauditoryawareness,speech-perception,languagedevelopment,speechdevelopment,educationalachievements,cognitivedevelopment,andpsychosocialdevelopment.Thesestudiesadvocatedtheestablishmentofbaselineandregularfollow-upevaluationswithacomprehensiveframeworkcenteredonlanguagedevelopment.Recentresearchinterestsalsoincludeunderstandingthevastdifferencesinoutcomesforchildrenwithhearingloss,understandingtherelationshipsbetweenneurocognitivedevelopmentandlanguageacquisitioninchildrenwithhearingloss,andusingoutcomestudiestoguideevidence-basedclinicalpractice.AftertheestablishmentofstandardizedMandarinlanguageassessments,outcomesresearchinMainlandChinahasthepotentialtoexpandbeyondauditoryawarenessandspeechperceptionstudies.

简介：AbstractBackground:Though the utilization of traditional medicine has been proposed for modern drug research and development (R&D), limited research has discussed its feasible paths. In this commentary, we summarized key factors for new drug R&D under limited resources by reviewing China’s discovery of artemisinin, and raised suggestions to utilize traditional medicines in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).Main text:We suggested that systematic utilization of traditional medicine, outstanding synergy of research units at all levels and timely information-sharing mechanism should be achieved to establish a comprehensive and efficient R&D system, especially under low-resource settings. In the case of artemisinin discovery, Chinese scientists integrated documented traditional medicine experiences and modern approaches to develop drug candidates timely. Due to limited R&D resources, China adopted a collaborative way, motivating nearly all domestic research units at different levels, to develop antimalarial products. Moreover, the excellent synergy among all units through efficient information-sharing mechanisms greatly avoided work repetition and accelerated the R&D process.Conclusion:Traditional medicines inspires drug discoveries in LMICs, while a comprehensive and efficient R&D system could accelerate its R&D process and save investment. The discovery of artemisinin in China gave a reliable pattern to promote sustainable development of traditional medicines and a good example to realize R&D of traditional medicine under low-resource settings.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) was usually used to prevent periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary total knee arthroplasty (PTKA), but whether to use ALBC or plain bone cement in PTKA remains unclear. We aimed to compare the occurrence rate of PJI using two different cements, and to investigate the efficacy of different antibiotic types and doses administered in preventing surgical site infection (SSI) with ALBC.Methods:The availability of ALBC for preventing PJI was evaluated by using a systematic review and meta-analysis referring to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Existing articles until December 2021 involving PTKA patients with both ALBC and plain bone cement cohorts were scanned by searching "total knee arthroplasty" , "antibiotic-loaded cement" , "antibiotic prophylaxis" , "antibiotic-impregnated cement" and "antibiotic-laden cement" in the database of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Subgroup analysis included the effectiveness of different antibiotic types and doses in preventing SSI with ALBC. The modified Jadad scale was employed to score the qualities of included articles.Results:Eleven quantitative studies were enrolled, including 34,159 knees undergoing PTKA. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that the use of prophylactic ALBC could significantly reduce the prevalence of deep incisional SSI after PTKA, whereas there was no significant reduction in the rate of superficial incisional SSI. Moreover, gentamicin-loaded cement was effective in preventing deep incisional SSI, and the use of high-dose ALBC significantly reduced the rate of deep incisional SSI after PTKA. Besides, no significant adverse reactions and complications were stated during the use of ALBC in PTKA.Conclusion:The preventive application of ALBC during PTKA could reduce the rates of deep PJI. Furthermore, bone cement containing gentamicin and high-dose ALBC could even better prevent deep infection after PTKA. However, the existing related articles are mostly single-center and retrospective studies, and further high-quality ones are needed for confirmation.