简介：在2005的四个landfalling台风盒子与全球/地区性的吸收和预言系统(葡萄)模型为数字模拟研究被选择。包括台风轨道的预言，模型的表演的初步的评价结果乍见陆地预定，地点和紧张，等等，被介绍，错误的来源被分析。由模型的台风中心的24小时的距离预报错误被显示是大约131km，当48小时的错误是252km时。模型是相对在预报更熟练乍见陆地时间和地点比那些紧张在乍见陆地。平均，24小时的预报比48小时的稍微好。数据影响的分析显示异乎寻常的观察数据的吸收为模型模拟的改进是必要的。模型能被增加模型分辨率模仿mesoscale和好规模系统并且由改进地面精炼处理的方法也改进。

简介：从纸再核对的Dalian地震station.this基于存在历史的数据和观察1916,1917的三历史的地震和1944in的参数北方黄海，在鸭绿江河region.The附近，结果证明他们的重定位的震中在contemporarily强烈的地震活跃地区被定位，与从Dalian地震Station.The结果的数据导出的结果一致在bothrevising地震目录和理解是珍贵的本地backgr

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简介：Inthispaper,thecalculatingchartsandformulaeaboutwavepressureonthebreastwallarederivedwithsevenparametersonthebasisofphysicalmodelstudy.Theverificationshowsthatthechartsagreewiththeexample,andareadoptedintheSpecificationsofFisheryHarboursBreakwaterbytheMinistryofAgricultures.

简介：Thenumberoftropicalcyclone(TC)genesisovertheSouthChinaSeaandtheNorthwestPacificOceanin2009issignificantlylessthantheaverage(27.4).However,thenumberoflandfallTCovermainlandChinaanditsassociatedrainfallismorethantheaverage.Thispaperfocusesontheperformanceofnumericalweatherprediction(NWP)oflandfallTCprecipitationoverChinain2009.TheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration(CMA)andJapanMeteorologicalAgency(JMA)modelsarecompared.Althoughtheschemesofphysicalprocesses,thedataassimilationsystemandthedynamicframeareentirelydifferentforthetwomodels,theresultsofforecastverificationaresimilartoeachotherforTCrainfallandtrackexceptforTCGoni.Inthispaper,adaywithdailyrainfallamountgreaterthan50mmwasselectedasastormraindaywhentherewasaTCaffectingthemainland.Thereare32stormraindaysrelatedtothelandingoftyphoonsandtropicaldepressions.TherainfallforecastverificationmethodsofNationalMeteorologicalCentre(NMC)ofCMAareselectedtoverifythemodels’rainfallforecast.ObservationalprecipitationanalysesrelatedtoTCsin2009indicateaU-shapespatialdistributioninChina.Itisfoundthattherainbeltforecastedbythetwomodelswithin60hoursshowsgoodagreementwithobservations,bothinthelocationandthemaximumrainfallcenter.Beyond3days,theforecastedrainfallbeltshiftsnorthwardonaverage,andtherainfallamountofthemodelforecastsbecomesunder-predicted.TherainfallintensityofCMAmodelforecastismorereasonablethanthatofJMAmodel.Forheavyrain,theJMAmodelmademoremissingforecasts.TheTCrainfallisverifiedinGuangdong,Guangxi,FujianandHainanwhererainfallamountrelatedtoTCsisrelativelylargerthaninotherregions.TheresultsindicatethatthemodelforecastforGuangdongandGuangxiismoreskillfulthanthatforHainan.TherainfallforecastforHainanremainsdifficultforthemodelsbecauseofinsufficientobse

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简介：由与曾经历史上发生了的ENSO事件作比较，基本特征和热带太平洋的异常海面温度的可能的原因特征地在1997和1998期间被分析了。1997/1998ElNino有重要畸形和怪癖，这被发现。掉进“简单东方模式”或“西方的模式”不同于以前的ElNino事件。1997/1998ElNifio事件的预言也与一口中间的海洋空气被测试了联合动态模型。结果证明24铅月为温暖的事件预报的0~的技巧都超过0.5。成熟阶段的预言和温暖的事件的以后的阶段比开始的阶段的那些好。

简介：Weplantoestimateglobalnetprimaryproduction(NPP)ofvegetationusingtheAdvancedEarthObservingSatellite-Ⅱ(ADEOS-Ⅱ)GlobalImager(GLI)multi-spectraldata.WederiveanNPPestimationalgorithmfromgroundmeasurementdataontemperateplantsinJapan.Bythealgorithm,weestimateNPPusingavegetationindexbasedonpatterndecomposition(VIPD)fortheMongolianPlateau.TheVIPDisderivedfromLandsatETM+multi-spectraldata,andtheresultingNPPestimationiscomparedwithgrounddatameasuredinasemi-aridareaofMongolia.TheNPPestimationderivedfromsatelliteremotesensingdataagreeswiththegroundmeasurementdatawithintheerrorrangeof15%whenallabove-groundvegetationNPPiscalculatedfordifferentvegetationclassifications.

简介：Inthisstudy,cloudbaseheight(CBH)andcloudtopheight(CTH)observedbytheKa-band(33.44GHz)cloudradarattheBoseongNationalCenterforIntensiveObservationofSevereWeatherduringfall2013(September-November)wereverifiedandcorrected.Forcomparativeverification,CBHandCTHwereobtainedusingaceilometer(CL51)andtheCommunication,OceanandMeteorologicalSatellite(COMS).Duringrainfall,theCBHandCTHobservedbythecloudradarwerelowerthanobservedbytheceilometerandCOMSbecauseofsignalattenuationduetoraindrops,andthisdifferenceincreasedwithrainfallintensity.Duringdryperiods,however,theCBHandCTHobservedbythecloudradar,ceilometer,andCOMSweresimilar.Thinandlow-densitycloudswereobservedmoreeffectivelybythecloudradarcomparedwiththeceilometerandCOMS.Incasesofrainfallormissingcloudradardata,theceilometerandCOMSdatawereproveneffectiveincorrectingorcompensatingthecloudradardata.Thesecorrectedclouddatawereusedtoclassifycloudtypes,whichrevealedthatlowcloudsoccurredmostfrequently.

简介：基于非平衡热力学理论，最小的精力驱散率原则能从最小的熵被导出生产率原则。最小的熵生产率原则等价于最小的精力驱散率原则。为了验证液体运动追随者最小精力驱散率原则，RNGk骚乱模型和GMO，流动3D当模特儿被使用在笔直地矩形的斜槽模仿液体运动。结果证明那个液体运动满足最小的精力驱散率原则。冲积的河的最小的精力驱散率的有效性与地数据被测试了。当一个河系统以一个相对平衡状态时，它的精力驱散率的价值在最小。最小的值取决于用于河系统的限制。由于一条河的动态性质，然而，最小的价值可以变化与对时间和地点各自。统一溪流力量原则的最小的溪流力量和最小是更一般的最小的精力驱散率原则的特殊、简化的版本。