简介：<正>我院自1997年8月～1999年4月采用国产X-刀治疗颅内疾病93例(98个病灶),经临床应用及58例随访,近期效果满意。

简介：1病例介绍患者,男,5岁.4岁时阴茎、睾丸增大,逐渐出现阴毛,生长发育快,身高明显高于同龄儿童.CT及MRI检查示鞍上占位,CT为等密度占位,MRI为等信号影.

简介：X-irradiationhasabeneficialeffectintreatingspinalcordinjury.WesupposedthatX-irradiationcouldimprovethemicroenvironmentatthesiteofaspinalcordinjuryandinhibitglialscarformation.Thus,thisstudywasdesignedtoobservetheeffectsof8GyX-irradiationontheinjurysiteat6hoursand2,4,7,and14dayspostinjury,intermsofimprovementinthemicroenvironmentandhindlimbmotorfunction.ImmunohistochemistryshowedthattheexpressionofmacrophagemarkerED-1andtheareawithglialscarformationwerereduced.Inaddition,theBasso,BeattieandBresnahanscorewashigherat7dayspostinjuryrelativetotheothertimepointspostinjury.ResultsindicatedthatX-irradiationatadoseof8Gycaninhibitglialscarformationandalleviatetheinflammatoryreaction,therebyrepairingspinalcordinjury.X-irradiationat7dayspostspinalcordinjurymaybethebesttimewindow.

简介：HeavyionbeamswithhighlinearenergytransferexhibitmorebeneficialphysicalandbiologicalperformancethanconventionalX-rays,thusimprovingthepotentialofthistypeofradiotherapyinthetreatmentofcancer.However,thesetworadiotherapymodalitiesbothcauseinevitablebraininjury.TheobjectiveofthisstudywastoevaluatetheeffectsofheavyionandX-rayirradiationonthecytoskeletonandcytomechanicalpropertiesofratcorticalneurons,aswellastodeterminethepotentialmechanismofneuronalinjuryafterirradiation.Corticalneuronsfrom30new-bornmicewereirradiatedwithheavyionbeamsatasingledoseof2GyandX-raysatasingledoseof4Gy;subsequentevaluationoftheireffectswerecarriedoutat24hoursafterirradiation.AnimmunofluorescenceassayshowedthatafterirradiationwithboththeheavyionbeamandX-rays,thenumberofprimaryneuronswassignificantlydecreased,andtherewasevidenceofapoptosis.Radiation-inducedneuronalinjurywasmoreapparentafterX-irradiation.Underatomicforcemicroscopy,theneuronalmembraneappearedroughandneuronalrigidityhadincreased.ThesecellchangesweremoreapparentfollowingexposuretoX-rays.OurfindingsindicatedthatdamagecausedbyheavyionandX-rayirradiationresultedinthestructuraldistortionandrearrangementofthecytoskeleton,andaffectedthecytomechanicalpropertiesofthecorticalneurons.Moreover,thisradiationinjurytonormalneuronswasmuchsevererafterirradiationwithX-raysthanafterheavyionbeamirradiation.

简介：目的：总结X-刀治疗颅内疾病的并发症。方法：以X-刀治疗颅内疾病158例，随访25．3±9．2个月，根据神经系统损害的症状和体征．结合影像检查，以判断是否发生并发症，并分析其原因。结果：总有效率为80．42％，共有14例发生并发症。其中9例为急性反应，5例为迟发性并发症。结论：立体定向放射神经外科虽然有较好的疗效，但也可能产生并发症。急性并发症主要与病灶部位有关，一旦发生可采取对症处理；而迟发性并发症则主要与病灶体积有关，应通过选择适应证及适当的治疗方法尽可能地避免。

简介：目的探讨X刀治疗颅内室管膜瘤的疗效。方法X刀治疗12例手术残余室管膜瘤患者，其中WHO分级Ⅲ级4例，Ⅱ级6例，Ⅰ级2例。3例在X刀治疗前或后接受了20Gy分割外照射治疗。X刀中心剂量17．8～28Gy，边缘剂量9～16Gy。结果平均随访28个月。1、2、3年的无瘤进展生存率分别为91．7％、33．3％、25．0％。半数无瘤进展生存期为18个月。结论X刀对颅内术后残留室管膜瘤是一个有效的治疗措施。

简介：目的:探讨癌基因表达的变化与辐射性细胞放射损伤的关系.方法:采用免疫组化技术检测人脑星形细胞瘤细胞系经X射线处理前后p53、c-myc、bcl-2基因表达的变化;采用原位杂交方法检测p53基因在mPNA水平表达的变化.结果:①处理组内p53、c-myc基因表达率明显高于对照组(P<0.001),bcl-2表达显著减弱(P<0.05),p53或c-myc与bcl-2基因表达呈显著性负相关(P<0.05).②处理组内p53在mRNA水平表达量明显高于对照组(P<0.05),p53基因在蛋白水平与mRNA水平表达呈显著性正相关(P<0.05),p53基因在蛋白水平与mRNA水平表达呈显著性正相关(P<0.05).结论:p53、c-myc和bcl-2基因在X线诱导的细胞损伤中起着重要的作用.本研究结果为脑胶质瘤的放射治疗和基因治疗提供了一条新线索.

简介：患者,男性,32岁,间歇性头昏头痛一年,1995年8月2日晚上突然左上肢发麻,触电感,随即意识丧失,倒地,伴四肢抽搐,历时1min,无大小便失禁.同年11月CT检查报告右额叶大脑镰旁有2.8cm×3cm范围的不规则强化灶(图1),其间和边缘低密度交错;右顶叶交界处1.2cm×1.5cm的低密度灶,增强不明显.DSA检查右额叶中线部位显示畸形血管团2.5cm×2.6cm,大脑前动脉明显增粗,诊断右额动静脉畸形;右额顶低密度病灶.

简介：OBJECTIVE:ToevaluatetheassociationofX-raycross-complementinggroup1(XRCC1)Arg399Gln,Arg194TrpandArg280Hispolymorphismswiththeriskofglioma.DATASOURCES:AsystematicliteraturesearchofpaperspublishedfromJanuary2000toAugust2012inPubMed,Embase,ChinaNationalKnowledgeInfrastructuredatabase,andWanfangdatabasewasperformed.Thekeywordsusedwere"glioma","polymorphism",and"XRCC1orX-rayrepaircross-complementinggroup1".Referencescitedintheretrievedarticleswerescreenedmanuallytoidentifyadditionaleligiblestudies.STUDYSELECTION:Studieswereidentifiedaccordingtothefollowinginclusioncriteria:case-controldesignwasbasedonunrelatedindividuals;andgenotypefrequencywasavailabletoestimateanoddsratio(OR)and95%confidenceinterval(CI).Meta-analysiswasperformedfortheselectedstudiesafterstrictscreening.Dominantandrecessivegeneticmodelswereusedandtherelationshipbetweenhomozygousmutantgenotypefrequenciesandmutantgenefrequencyandgliomaincidencewasinvestigated.WechosethefixedorrandomeffectmodelaccordingtotheheterogeneitytocalculateORand95%CI,andsensitivityanalyseswereconducted.PublicationbiaswasexaminedusingtheinvertedfunnelplotandtheEgger’stestusingStata12.0software.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:AssociationofXRCC1Arg399Gln,Arg194Trp,andArg280Hispolymorphismswiththeriskofglioma,andsubgroupanalyseswereperformedaccordingtodifferentethnicitiesofthesubjects.RESULTS:Twelvearticleswereincludedinthemeta-analysis.ElevenofthearticleswereconcernedwiththeArg399Glnpolymorphismandgliomaonsetrisk.Significantlyincreasedgliomariskswerefoundonlyinthedominantmodel(Gln/Gln+Gln/ArgversusArg/Arg:OR=1.26,95%CI=1.03-1.54,P=0.02).Inthesubgroupanalysisbyethnicity,significantlyincreasedriskwasfoundinAsiansubjectsintherecessive(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.04-2.45,P=0.03)anddominantmodels(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.10-1.78,P=0.007),andhomozygotecontrast(OR=1.69,95%CI=1.17-2.45,P=0.005),bu

简介：目的探讨脊髓挫伤部位的X线照射治疗对脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的作用.方法将70只雌性Wistar大鼠按照纽约大学的重力冲击方法建立大鼠脊髓（T10）损伤动物模型,按照随机数字表法分为7组,每组10只,其中6组大鼠在损伤后不同时间（损伤后20min、1d、2d、4d、7d、17d）对挫伤部位进行X线（20Gy）照射,第7组则不予照射（对照组）.然后根据Basso、Beattie、Bresnahan（BBB）评分标准评测各组大鼠运动功能恢复情况,并进行统计学比较.采用快蓝染色对存活6周以上的大鼠进行挫伤脊髓的组织形态学观察.结果脊髓挫伤后20min、1d、2d行X线照射组BBB评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且在脊髓损伤后的2～3周进展较快,后期恢复缓慢.组织形态学观察可见应用X线治疗组周边组织残存区面积大于对照组.结论脊髓挫伤部位伤后早期行X线照射治疗可保护脊髓残存的神经组织,改善运动功能的恢复.

简介：BACKGROUND:Alpha-actinin(α-actinin)playsakeyroleinneuronalgrowthconemigrationduringdirectionaldifferentiationfromneuralstemcells(NSCs)toneurons.OBJECTIVE:Todetectinsitumicrodistributionandquantitativeexpressionofα-actininduringdirectionaldifferentiationofNSCstoneuronsinthetemporallobecerebralcortexofneonatalrats.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:BetweenJanuary2006andDecember2008,cultureanddirectionaldifferentiationofNSCswereperformedatDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryology,PreclinicalMedicalCollege,ChinaMedicalUniversity.ImmuneelectronmicroscopywasperformedatDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryologyandDepartmentofElectronMicrology,PreclinicalMedicalCollege,ChinaMedicalUniversity.SpectrumanalysiswasperformedatLaboratoryofElectronMicroscopy,MentalResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences.MATERIALS:Basicfibroblastgrowthfactor,epidermalgrowthfactor,brain-derivednervegrowthfactor,type-1insulinlikegrowthfactor,andα-actininantibodywereprovidedbyGibcoBRL,USA;rabbit-anti-ratnestinmonoclonalantibody,rabbit-anti-ratneuronspecificenolasepolyclonalantibody,andEDAX-9100energydispersiveX-rayanalysiswereprovidedbyPHILIPSCompany,Netherlands.METHODS:NSCs,followingprimaryandpassageculture,weredifferentiatedwithserumculturemedium(DMEM/F_(12)+10%fetalbovineserum+2ng/mLbrain-derivednervegrowthfactor+2ng/mLtype-1insulinlikegrowthfactor).MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Expressionofα-actinininneuron-likecellswasquantitativelyandqualitativelydetectedwithimmunocytochemistryusingenergydispersiveX-rayanalysis.RESULTS:Immunocytochemistry,combinedwithelectronmicroscopy,indicatedthatpositiveα-actininexpressionwaslikeaspheroidparticlewithhighelectrondensity.Inaddition,theexpressionwasgraduallyconcentratedfromthenuclearedgetothecytoplasmandexpandedintodevelopingneurites,duringdifferentiationofneuralstemcellstoneurons.Conversely,energydispersive