简介：Purpose:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheeffectofvariableintensitiesonasimplememoryrecognitiontaskduringexercise.Methods:Twentyactiveparticipantstookpartininitialtesting,afamiliarizationtrialandthenfour60mincyclinginterventionsinarandomizedorder.Interventionsconsistedofnoexercise（control）,constantexerciseat90%ventilatorythreshold（constant）and2trialsthatinitiallymimickedtheconstanttrial,butthenincludedperiodsofhigh(90%VO2peak)andlowintensities(50%VO2peak).Cardiorespiratorymeasuresandcapillarybloodsamplesweretakenthroughout.Ashorttablet-basedcognitivetaskwascompletedpriortoandduring（50and55minintoexercise）eachintervention.Results:Theexerciseconditionsfacilitatedresponsetime（p=0.009）,althoughtheextentofthiseffectwasnotasstronginthevariableexerciseconditions（p=0.011–0.089）.Highintensityexerciseperiodsresultedinsomecognitiveregressionbacktowardscontroltrialperformance.Elevationsincardiorespiratorymeasuresandperiodsofhypocapniacouldnotexplainchangesincognitiveperformance.Conclusion:Changesincognitiveperformancewithvariationsinexerciseintensityarelikelytohaveimplicationsforsportandoccupationalsettings.Thetimingofcognitiveteststoexerciseintensitychangesaswellasuseofshortcognitiveassessmentswillbeimportantforfuturework.

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简介：Purpose:Acuteexercisehasbeenlinkedtothefacilitationofexecutivefunction,butlittleisknownregardingexecutivefunctionassessedbytheWisconsinCardSortingTest(WCST).ThepresentresearchconsistedoftwoexperimentsaimedtodeterminewhetheracuteaerobicexerciseinfluencessuccessiveWCSTperformance.Methods:InStudy1,27youngadultswererandomlyassignedtotheexerciseorreadingcontrolgroupandtheninstructedtoperformtheWCSTbeforeandafterassignedtreatment.Inexercisegroup,participantscompletedasingleboutaerobicexercisewithmoderateintensityfor20minonastationarybike.AsimilarexperimentalprotocolwasreplicatedinStudy2with24latemiddle-agedadultstolookforagedifferencesduringadulthoodandcontrolforapotentialceilingeffectatyoungadultage.Results:Althoughasignificanttimeeffectwasobservedinyoungadults,bothstudiesrevealedthattherewasnomaineffectfortreatmentoraninteractionbetweentreatmentandtimeonanyoftheWCSTindices.Conclusion:AcuteaerobicexercisefailedtoinfluenceexecutivefunctionasassessedbytheWCST,revealingthatthisclassicalneuropsychologicaltesttappingexecutivefunctionmaynotbesensitivetoacuteexercise.Ourfindingssuggestthatacuteexercisedoesnotbroadlyaffecttheentirefamilyofexecutivefunctions,oritseffectonaspecificaspectofexecutivefunctionmaybetask-dependent,asproposedbyEtnierandChang(2009).

简介：Background:Accelerometershavebeensuggestedtoprovideadditionalinformationduringthe6-minwalktestwhichmaybeusefulinevaluatingchangesinfunctionalexercisecapacity.TheaimofthestudywastoidentifywhethertheadditionalinformationmeasuredbytheMyWellnessKey~(TM)(MWK)accelerometerduringatreadmill6-minwalktest(t-6MWT)wasrelatedtocurrentlyusedoutcomemeasures.Methods:Fifteenparticipants(9males,6females)performedaself-pacedt-6MWT.RespiratorygasanalysisandwalkingdistanceweremeasuredwhilstwearingtheMWK.Results:Asignificantcorrelationwasestablishedbetweenactivitycountsand6-minwalkdistance(6MWD)(r=-0.847,p<0.001)yetnot6-minwalkwork(6MWW)(r=-0.337,p=0.220).EnergyexpenditureestimatedbytheMWKwasstronglycorrelatedto6MWW(r=0.938,p<0.001)butnot6MWD(r=0.477,p=0.072).TheMWKsignificantlyunderestimatedenergyexpenditure(36.73,CI=33.9-39.7kcal)comparedtogasanalysis(54.35,CI=46.2-61.4kcal)demonstratingpooragreementbetweenthetwoanalyses(Bias=-17.61kcal,Limitsofagreement=-37.4,t2.2kcal).Measurementoftimespentundertakinglight,moderate,andvigorousphysicalactivitywasnotsignificantlydifferent(p>0.05)betweentheMWKandgasanalysis.Conclusion:EstimatedenergyexpenditureprovidedbytheMWKwasstronglycorrelatedto6MWW;however,MWKunderestimatedenergyexpenditureasmeasuredbygasanalysis.TheMWKmayprovideoutcomedatathatsupplementthosecurrentlyprovidedbythe6MWDforfunctionalcapacityassessmentduringthet-6MWT.

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简介：目的:研究损伤严重程度感知(ISP)评分法在测试急性挥鞭样损伤患者中的复测可重复性。方法:在基层保健中心连续对急性阶段患急性挥鞭样损伤患者采用ISP评分。ISP是一种通过数字等级进行评分,其测量范围从0到10,受试者被要求指出他们自认为的受伤严重程度。0代表'无损伤',10代表'严重且永久性损伤'。利用ISP问卷对同一批受试者在招募完成时及7天后进行评分。复测可重复性由一致百分率和在两个时间点进行的Kappa分析进行计算。锚定两端分别标记为'没有损伤'(0)和'严重损伤,可能是永久性损伤'(10)。结果:实验包括94名研究对象(34名男性,60名女性,平均年龄为40.6±10.0岁,范围19-60岁),在刚招募时JSP平均得分为4.9±1.7(评分在2-9之间),一周后ISP平均得分为5.1±2.1(评分在2-9之间)。在ISP的两次重复测量中百分比一致率为86%,Kappa系数为0.79。结论:这项研究表明ISP复测可重复性在预后研究中偏倚风险较低。ISP评分法在急性挥鞭样损伤患者的流行病学研究中具有相当高的可靠性。