简介:Ahigh-density,high-fluxcirculatingfluidizedbed(CFB)riser(100mminIDand10.614minheight)wasappliedinawiderangeofoperatingconditions(withsolidfluxesupto400kg/m2sandsuperficialgasvelocitiesupto12m/s)toexamineitsradialnon-uniformitydynamics.Thesolidsholdupwasdeterminedthroughtheuseofafiber-opticprobeat11axiallevels.Theresultsindicatedthatunderalloperatingconditions,thehighsuperficialgasvelocityandlowsolidfluxesmaintainedalowradialnon-uniformityindex(RNI).Thehigh-density/fluxCFBriserhadseveraluniquecharacteristics,sothatthepeakoftheradialsolidsholdupprofileoccurredatapositionwithr/R=0.8.TheRNIandsolidsholdupatthecross-sectionalpositionhadagoodlogarithmicrelationshipatthelow-densitycondition(withameansolidsholdupof<0.2),andtheRNIdecreasedwhenthemeansolidsholdupexceeded0.2.InvestigationofthedynamicsofstratifiedinjectionrevealedthatthefeedratiohadanimportanteffectonGsandonsolidsholdupdistribution.Anovel"<"shapedaxialsolidsholdupprofilewasfound.Gsdecreasedsharplywhentheup-flowfeedratioexceeded0.5,andRNIwaslowestwhentheup-flowfeedratiowas1.
简介:SudanKhartoumRefineryCo.hasselectedauniqueroutefeaturingdelayedcokingofcrudeinconnectionwiththehighlysourandhigh-calciumheavycrudeextractedfromSudaneseoilblockNo.6.Thecrudeoilafterpretreatmentforcalciumremovalissubjectedtocokingforremovalofacidsandmetalswiththecokerproductsbeingfurtherprocessed.ThecrudeoilextractedfromSudaneseoilblockNo.6containsashighas13mgKOH/gofcrudeinadditiontoacalciumcontentof1600ppm.Thisarticlemakesananalysisonproblemsrelatedwiththeoperationofcommercialdelayedcokingunitforprocessingofhighlysourcrudeandbringforthmeasurestosolvetheseproblems.Theliquidyieldresultedfromcokingofcrudeoilcanreach82m%,andthepetroleumcokecanmeetthequalityrequirementforclass3Bpetroleumcoke.
简介:Thehighshearagitationdevicewasfirstadoptedforgasolinedesulfurizationbyionicliquids.Theeffectofbenzylimidazolfluoborateindesulfurizationofgasolineandtheinfluenceofmoistureondeuslfurizationratewereinvestigated.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthattheionicliquidcouldeffectivelydecreasethesulfurcontentofgasolineandtheoptimalconditionswereasfollows:Thereactioncouldbecarriedoutatroomtemperature,avolumetricratiobetweenoilandtheliquidof2∶1,avolumetricratiobetweenwaterandionicliquidof0.04∶1,arotationalspeedof5krad/s,andareactiontimeof1minute.Thedesulfurizationrateofgasolinereached53.6%,andthegasolineyieldwasupto97.3%.Theionicliquidcouldberecycledforrepeateduse,andtheuseofhighshearagitationforgasolinewouldhavegoodprospects.
简介:Anewcontinuousprocessforpreparingmethanol-dieselemulsifiedfuelwithanImpingingStream-RotatingPackedBedisproposed.Thedropletsizeofdispersedphase(methanol)oftheemulsifiedfuelhasasignificanteffectonthecombustionofmethanol-dieselemulsifiedfuel.Inthispaper,themethanol-dieselemulsifiedfuelusesdieselasthecontinuousphaseandmethanolasthedispersedphase.TheSautermeandiameterofthedispersedphaseofmethanol-dieselemulsifiedfuelwascharacterizedwithmicrophotographyandarithmeticmethod.TheexperimentalresultshowedthattheSautermeandiameterofthedispersedphase,whichwasdecreasedwiththeaugmentationofthehighgravityfactor,liquidflowrateandemulsifierdosage,wasinverselyproportionaltothemethanolcontent.TheSautermeandiameterofthedispersedphasecanbecontrolledandadjustedintherangeof12—40μmthroughthechangeofoperatingconditions.ThecorrelativeexpressionsoftheSautermeandiameterofemulsifiedfuelwereobtainedandthecalculatedvaluesagreedwellwiththeexperimentalvalues.
简介:
简介:TheRHTtechnologyandthesecondgenerationRHTcatalystswereappliedindesignofan1.7Mt/aVRDSunitattheSINOPECChanglingBranchCo.ThecommercialapplicationresultdemonstratedthattheRHTcatalystsshowedgoodactivityandstabilityinprocessinglow-sulfurandhigh-nitrogenresidue.ThefirstlongperiodrunofunitforprocessinghighFeandhighCacontentresiduewasachieved.ThereasonsforexcessivepressuredropofR-101wereascribedtoFeandCadepositionaswellascokeformation.
简介:Thisarticlereferstotheresultsofsmall-scaleandcommercialtestsonhigh-temperaturecrackingofC4fractioninFCCunittoincreasethepropyleneyield.ThebenchtestsrevealedthattheconversionrateofC4fractionduringhigh-temperaturecrackingreached37.38%andpropyleneyieldwasequalto15.60%withtheconversionrateofC4olefinsequatingaround50%.Theresultsofcommercialapplicationshowedthatadoptionofthetechnologyforhigh-temperaturecrackingofC4fractioninFCCunithadledtoanincreaseofpropyleneyieldby2.16%withnoremarkablechangesintheyieldsandpropertiesofotherproducts.
简介:The^Siand^1Hhigh-resolutionliquid-phaseNMRhasbeenusedtoinvestigatethehydrolysisprocessofthetetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS).^1H-NMRspectroscopyshowsthatthehydrolysisofTEOSinTPAisfasterthaninTEA.TheimpactsofTPAandTEAontheTOEShydrolysisprocessanditshydrolyzedproductdistributionhavebeenobservedby^29Si-NMRrespectively.Theinfluencesofwaterandtheisopropylalcoholonhydrolysishavealsobeendiseussed.ThepresenceofTBOTmarksanevidentdifferentiationbetweenTPAandTEAforhydrolysisin^29Si-NMRspectra.
简介:Nitrobenzene-containingindustrialwastewaterwasdegradedinthepresenceofozonecoupledwithH2O2byhighgravitytechnology.Theeffectofhighgravityfactor,H2O2concentration,pHvalue,liquidflow-rate,andreactiontimeontheefficiencyforremovalofnitrobenzenewasinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthehighgravitytechnologyenhancestheozoneutilizationefficiencywithO3/H2O2showingsynergisticeffect.ThedegradationefficiencyintermsoftheCODremovalrateandnitrobenzeneremovalratereached45.8%and50.4%,respectively,underthefollowingreactionconditions,viz.:ahighgravityfactorof66.54,apHvalueof9,aH2O2/O3molarratioof1:1,aliquidflowrateof140L/h,anozoneconcentrationof40mg/L,aH2O2multipledosingmodeof6mL/h,andareactiontimeof4h.Comparedwiththeperformanceofconventionalstirredaerationmixers,thehighgravitytechnologycouldincreasetheCODandnitrobenzeneremovalraterelatedwiththenitrobenzene-containingwastewaterby22.9%and23.3%,respectively.
简介:DuringJuneandJuly2003,JingmenPetrochemicalCompanycardedoutthecommercialtestontechnologyforhigh-temperaturecrackingofC5fractiontodecreaseolefincontentofgasolineinDCCU.ThetestresultsshowedthattheolefincontentofDCCgasolinehaddecreasedfrom68.32m%to42.5m%,meanwhilethepropyleneyieldincreasedby0.90m%.
简介:SINOPECResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing(RIPP)hasdevelopedthedieselengineoilAPICJ-4,afterhavingpassedthe9enginetestsrequiredbytherelevantAPIspecificationstofillChina’sgapintheindependentdevelopmentofformulationsfordieselengineoilCJ-4,whichisasuccessfulattemptinbreakingtheforeigncompanies’technicalmonopolyonhigh-gradedieselengineoils.
简介:Anovelhighgravitymulti-concentriccylinderelectrodes-rotatingbed(MCCE-RB)wasdevelopedfortheelectrocatalyticdegradationofphenolwastewaterinordertoenhancethemasstransferwiththeself-madeRuO2-IrO2-SnO2/Tianodes.Theinfluencesofelectriccurrentdensity,inletliquidcirculationflowrate,highgravityfactor,sodiumchlorideconcentration,andinitialpHvalueonphenoldegradationefficiencywereinvestigated,withtheoptimaloperatingconditionsdetermined.Theresultsshowedthatundertheoptimaloperatingconditionscoveringacurrentdensityof35mA/cm^2,aninletliquidcirculationflowrateof48L/h,ahighgravityfactorof20,asodiumchlorideconcentrationof8.5g/L,aninitialpHvalueof6.5,areactiontimeof100min,andaninitialphenolconcentrationof500mg/L,theefficiencyforremovalofphenolreached99.7%,whichwasimprovedby10.4%ascomparedtothatachievedinthenormalgravityfield.Thetendencyregardingthechangeinefficiencyforremovalofphenol,totalorganiccarbon(TOC),andchemicaloxygendemand(COD)overtimewasstudied.Theintermediatesanddegradationpathwayofphenolwerededucedbyhighperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC).
简介:OnSeptember19,2018,the100kt/acommercialdemonstrationhigh-temperatureFischer-Tropschsynthesisunit,constructedbytheShaanxiFutureEnergyChemicalCompany,Ltd.(FECC),cameonstreamsuccessfullyatthefirstattemptandhadbeenoperatingcontinuouslyandsmoothlyfor168hoursatfullload.ItistoldthatthisisthefirstcommercialdemonstrationhightemperatureFischer-TropschsynthesisunitbuiltinChinawithcompletelyindependentintellectualpropertyrights.Thecommissioningofthisdemonstrationunitevidencesthatthehigh-temperatureFischer-Tropschsynthesistechnologyhasfullymettheindustrializationconditions.
简介:ThepolycrystallinephaseWO3/g-C3N4wassynthesizedunderstirringusingtungstenicacid(H2WO4)andgraphiticcarbonnitride(g-C3N4)asrawmaterials.ThecatalystwascharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),energydispersivespectroscopy(EDS),theFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FT-IR),andtheBrunauer-Emmett-Telleranalysis(BET).ThepolycrystallinephaseWO3/g-C3N4wasdeterminedbyXRDtechnique.TheoxidativedesulfurizationprocesswasinvestigatedusingWO3/g-C3N4asthecatalyst,30%hydrogenperoxide(H202)astheoxidant,and1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate([bmim]BF4)ionicliquids(ILs)astheextractant.Theoperatingconditions,includingH2WO4amount,ILdose,H2O2volume,temperature,catalystdosage,andtypesofsulfurcompounds,weresystematicallyresearched.Thedesulfurizationratecouldreach98.46%forremovingdibenzothiophene(DBT)fromthemodeloilunderoptimalreactionconditions.Inaddition,thecatalyticactivitywasslightlydecreasedafterfiverecyclesofcatalysts.Thereactionkineticsanalysisshowsthattheoxidativedesulfurizationsystemwasinaccordwiththefirst-orderreactionkineticsequation.Themechanismofoxidativedesulfurizationwasproposed.